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Compiled by Christopher Bassford

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Note that this is a comprehensive bibliography of works written in English. No attempt has been made to sort out scholarly, journalistic, business, military or student documents, though there is some annotation. We also have extensive bibliographies in French, German, Japanese, Polish, Spanish-Portuguese, Complexity Science, and "Other." See as well our selected "Readings on Clausewitz," with links to many particularly useful on-line articles, etc." Books in print in English, French, German, and sometimes other languages can be found in THE CLAUSEWITZ BOOKSTORES. We maintain these Amazon.com-affiliated on-line bookstores not for profit but as a convenient way to track what's available, and especially what's new. You can sometimes find additional material on or by Clausewitz by searching The Open Library, though the listings are very erratic.

CLICK HERE TO GO DIRECTLY TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LISTINGS

RECOMMENDED

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Vanya Eftimova Bellinger, Marie von Clausewitz: The Woman Behind the Making of On War (Oxford University Press, 2015), ISBN: 0190225432.

With the research skills both of a journalist and of a serious scholar, Bellinger has done a spectacular job of tracking down sources where no one else had thought to look, in the process recovering some materials thought lost in World War II and others that were previously unknown. This is an important work in the field. Without the efforts of the imperial Countess Marie von Clausewitz, Carl von Clausewitz's crucial work on military theory and strategy—On War—would never have been published.

But as historian and Clausewitz scholar Vanya Eftimova Bellinger establishes in this ground-breaking biography of the "other" Clausewitz, Marie was far more than merely a supportive wife who facilitated her husband's legacy. Marie's 1810 marriage to Clausewitz did not make sense to many observers (least of all her mother). She was a wealthy, cultured, and politically engaged young woman from a famous political family, and, one of the highest-ranking non-royals in Prussia. He was a junior Prussian army officer with no significant family or political connections. But the bond between Marie and Carl was forged by love, a deep sense of trust, and a meeting of minds over common political and intellectual interests. Newly discovered archival materials reveal the extent of Marie's influence on her husband, beginning with the very early days of the courtship and lasting until his premature death—and beyond, as she edited and published his collected works (including Vom Kriege/On War). The two came to a "collaborative opinion" on many topics, from the moral implications of war to the emotional constitution of true leadership. This biography sheds enormous light on two extraordinary lives and minds, offering the first comprehensive and compelling look at the woman behind the composition of On War. In the process, it gives us a much richer view of her husband's personal, professional, and intellectual evolution and thus of the deeper meaning behind many of his concepts.

See also Bellinger's blog: "The Other Clausewitz."
This is V. Bellinger's earlier Clausewitz.com blog on Marie von Clausewitz. For her current blog, see "CLAUSEWITZ STUDIES on TWITTER."
Vanya Bellinger's Blog logo

 

Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV) Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.1-109.

Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher"

Special Issue coverAndreas Wilmes, editor-in-chief; Andreas Herberg-Rothe, issue editor.
ISSN 2559-9798. DOI: 10.22618/TP.PJCV.20226.1 (open access).

CONTENTS

Empire of Chance: The Napoleonic Wars and the Disorder of Things (Harvard University Press, 2015). By Anders Engberg-Pedersen. 336pp. ISBNs: 067496764X, 978-0674967649.

Napoleon’s campaigns were the most complex military undertakings in history to that point. But they changed more than the nature of warfare. Concepts of chance, contingency, and probability became permanent fixtures in the West’s understanding of how the world works. Empire of Chance examines anew the place of war in the history of Western thought, showing how the Napoleonic Wars inspired a new discourse on knowledge. The theory of war espoused in Carl von Clausewitz’s classic treatise responded to contemporary developments in mathematics and philosophy, and the tools for solving military problems—maps, games, and simulations—became models for how to manage chance. On the other hand, the realist novels of Balzac, Stendhal, and Tolstoy questioned whether chance and contingency could ever be described or controlled. After Napoleon the state of war no longer appeared exceptional but normative, a prism that revealed the underlying operative logic determining the way society is ordered and unfolds.
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Carl von Clausewitz and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815 (Clausewitz.com, 2010, 2015). [Bicentennial edition.]

book coverEd./trans. Christopher Bassford, Daniel Moran, and Gregory W. Pedlow.
Published 2010 by Clausewitz.com.
ISBN-10: 1453701508
ISBN-13: 9781453701508
Paperback, 318pp.
List price: $18.00.
Kindle edition US
Barnes & Noble Nook version
Kindle edition UK

This book is built around a new and complete translation of Clausewitz's study of the Waterloo campaign (Berlin: 1835), which is a strategic analysis of the entire campaign (not just the Battle of Waterloo), and the Duke of Wellington's detailed 1842 response to it. It contains Wellington's initial battle report; two of Clausewitz's post-battle letters to his wife Marie; correspondence within Wellington's circle concerning Clausewitz's work; Clausewitz's campaign study; Wellington's memorandum in response; and enlightening essays by the editors. See reviews: MajGen/Dr. David T. Zabecki, The Journal of Military History, April 2011; Bruno Colson, "Clausewitz on Waterloo," War in History 19 (July 2012), pp.397-400.

book coverSee also new translations of:
Carl von Clausewitz, trans. Nicholas Murray and Christopher Pringle, Napoleon's 1796 Italian Campaign (University Press of Kansas, 2018). ISBNs: 070062676X, 978-0700626762. This is a study of the campaign from all sides, not just Napoleon's. The original, entitled simply Der Feldzug von 1796 in Italien, was probably finished in 1828.

book coverand

Carl von Clausewitz, trans. Nicholas Murray and Christopher Pringle, Napoleon Absent, Coalition Ascendant: The 1799 Campaign in Italy and Switzerland, Volume 1 (University Press of Kansas). The original title—again, not limited to Napoleon—is Die Feldzüge von 1799 in Italien und der Schweiz.

BIG-PICTURE TREATMENTS


CLAUSEWITZ
The State and War

book cover

Edited by Andreas Herberg-Rothe,
Jan Willem Honig, and Daniel Moran
Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2011
ISBN 978-3-515-09912-7

Details


Clausewitz Goes Global
Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century

book cover

Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg. Reiner Pommerin, ed. Berlin: Miles Verlag, 2011.
ISBN-10: 3937885412
ISBN-13 978-3937885414

Details

Oxford Bibliographies (Editor-in-Chief the late Dennis Showalter) offer exclusive, authoritative research guides. Combining the best features of an annotated bibliography and a high-level encyclopedia, this cutting-edge resource guides researchers to the best available scholarship across a wide variety of subjects. The Oxford bibliography on Carl von Clausewitz, developed by Christopher Bassford, offers information under the following headings:
• Introduction
• Anthologies
• Bibliographies
• Biography and Background
• Original Writings
• English Translations
• Influence and Impact
• Antagonistic Treatments
• General Studies
• Military Doctrine
• Nonmilitary Treatments

* Another good general (and multilingual) discussion of the sources appears in Hew Strachan, "Sources and Further Reading," Carl von Clausewitz's On War: A Biography (Atlantic Books, 2007), pp.215-221. Even so recent a discussion, however, has been quickly outmoded by the explosion in Clausewitz studies in the past decade. The advantage to the ClausewitzStudies.org bibliography is that it is frequently updated.

Bibliographical Listings

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A

Abegglen, Christoph M. V. "The Influence of Clausewitz on Jomini's Précis de l'Art de la Guerre." Dissertation for an MA in War Studies King's College London 2003.  (Supervisor: Dr. Jan Willem Honig) (Another copy is here.)

Abegglen, Christoph M. V.  "How universally applicable is Clausewitz's conception of Trinitarian warfare?" Paper written in connection with MA program in War Studies at Kings College London (early 2000s). Also available on Abegglen's homepage.

Abegglen, Christoph M. V. "Clausewitz and Beaufre – the relationship of politics and war." Paper written in connection with MA program in War Studies at Kings College London (early 2000s).

Achenbach, Joel. "War and the Cult of Clausewitz." Washington Post, 6 December 1990, D1.

Achenbach, Joel. "Military Theory and The Force of Ideas: From Sparta to Baghdad, Paradigms Have Shifted. Human Nature Has Not." The Washington Post, March 23, 2003, F1.

Alterman, Eric. "The Uses and Abuses of Clausewitz." Parameters, v.XVII, no.2 (Summer 1987).

Altmayer, Col. Rene, ed./trans. Major [USA] J.S. Wood. "The German Military Doctrine." Field Artillery Journal, v.25, no.2 (March-April 1935), originally from Revue Militaire Francaise (July 1934).

Alger, John I. "Antoine-Henri Jomini: a bibliographical survey." Series: United States Military Academy Library occasional papers no. 3. West Point, N.Y. : United States Military Academy, 1975. (vi, 39pp.) The USMA Library assures us (17 June 2016) that this is in the public domain.

Altham, Edward A. The Principles of War Historically Illustrated. London: Macmillan and Company, 1914.

Anastaplo, G. "Clausewitz and Intelligence: Some Preliminary Observations." Teaching Political Science 16 (2), Winter 1989, pp.77-84. DOI:10.1080/00922013.1989.9943577

Angstrom, Jan  [researcher, Swedish National Defence College; research student at Department of War Studies, King"s College London]. "Introduction: Debating the Nature of Modem War." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Angstrom, Jan [researcher, Swedish National Defence College; research student at Department of War Studies, King"s College London]. "Concepts Galore! Theory and Doctrine in the Discursive History of Low Intensity Conflict." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds. The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited. Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College (Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk), 2003. (264pp, ISBN originally 9189683412 — newer ISBN 0415354625.) Includes the following chapters:

CONTENTS

1. Jan Angstrom [researcher, Swedish National Defence College; research student at Department of War Studies, King"s College London], "Introduction: Debating the Nature of Modem War."

2. (Re-titled? in later version listed below.) M.L.R. Smith [Lecturer, Department of War Studies, King"s College London], "War and Only War: Analysing the False Categories of Low Intensity Conflict."

3. Isabelle Duyvesteyn [lecturer, History of International Relations Department, Institute of History, Utrecht University], "The Concept of Conventional War and Armed Conflict in Collapsed States."

4. Colin McInnes [Department of International Politics, University of Wales, Aberystwyth], "A Different Kind of War? September 11 and the United States" Afghan War."

5. Kersti Hakansson [research assistant in military history, Swedish National Defence College], "New Wars, Old Warfare? Comparing US Tactics in Afghanistan and Vietnam."

6. Bob de Graaff [senior lecturer, Department of History of International Relations, University of Utrecht], "The Wars in Former Yugoslavia in the 1990s: Bringing the State Back In."

7. John Mackinlay [former British Army; currently King"s College London, War Studies], "International Operations to Contain Violence in a Complex Emergency."

8. Paul B. Rich [Centre of International Studies, University of Cambridge], "Theories of Globalisation and Sub-State Conflict."

9. Jan Angstrom [researcher, Swedish National Defence College; research student at Department of War Studies, King"s College London], "Concepts Galore! Theory and Doctrine in the Discursive History of Low Intensity Conflict." (Deleted from later version listed below.)

10. Nils Marius Rekkedal [Lieutenant Colonel, Norwegian army; professor of military theory, Swedish National Defence College], "Exploring the Common Ground of the Debates on the  Revolution in Military Affairs and Non-State Warfare." (Deleted from later version listed below.)

11. Marcel de Haas [Royal Netherlands Air Force; lecturer in International Relations and International Law, Royal Netherlands Military Academy], "The Second Chechen War:  An Analysis of the Levels of Strategy." (Deleted from later version listed below.)

12. Isabelle Duyvesteyn [lecturer, History of International Relations Department, Institute of History, Utrecht University], "The Nature of Modern War: Some Conclusions." Argersinger, Steven J. "Karl von Clausewitz: Analysis of FM 100-5." Military Review, v.LXVI, February 1986, 68-75.

ABOVE TITLE MODIFIED, REISSUED AS: Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds. Rethinking the Nature of War. London: Frank Cass, 2005. ISBN 0415354617.

CONTENTS

1. Jan Angstrom. "Introduction: Debating the Nature of Modern War."

2. M.L.R. Smith. (New title?) "Strategy in an Age of "Low-intensity" Warfare: Why Clausewitz is Still More Relevant than his Critics."

3. Isabelle Duyvesteyn. "The Concept of Conventional War and Armed Conflict in Collapsed States."

4. (New) Stathis N. Kalyvas. "Warfare in Civil Wars."

5. Colin McInnes. "A Different Kind of War? September 11 and the United States" Afghan War."

6. Kersti Hakansson. "New Wars, Old Warfare? Comparing US tactics in Vietnam and Afghanistan."

7. Bob de Graaf. "The Wars in Former Yugos1avia in the 1990s: Bringing the State Back In."

8. John Mackinlay. "International Operations to Contain Violence in a Complex Emergency."

9. Paul B. Rich. "Theories of Globalization and Sub-State Conflict."

10. (New) Mary Kaldor. "Elaborating the "New War" Thesis."

11. Isabelle Duyvesteyn. "Rethinking the Nature of War. Some Conclusions."

Aron, Raymond. "Reason, Passion, and Power in the Thought of Clausewitz." Social Research, Winter 1972, 599-621.

Aron, Raymond. "Clausewitz' Conceptual System." Armed Forces and Society, v.1, No.1 (November 1974). 49-59.

Aron, Raymond, trans. Christine Booker and Norman Stone. Clausewitz: Philosopher of War. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1985. [Originally Penser la guerre, Clausewitz. Paris: Editions Gallimard, 1976.] A notoriously poor translation—most reviewers advise the reader to get this book in the original French.

Arquilla, John. "Real Genius: Does the Pentagon need a creative director." Foreign Policy, 25 FEB 2013. See also response by Tom Waldman.

Arquilla, John; Nomura, Ryan. "Three Wars of Ideas about the Idea of War." Comparative Strategy Vol. 34 Issue 2 (Apr-June 2015), pp.185-201.

Asano, Yugo (Major General. JSDF), trans. Hiroshi Kako. "Influences of the Thought of Clausewitz on Japan since the Meiji Restoration," in Ulrich de Maizière (Hrsg.), Freiheit ohne Krieg. Beiträge zur Strategie-Diskussion der Gegenwart im Spiegel der Theorie von Carl von Clausewitz, Bonn: Dümmlers Verlag, 1980, pp.379-396.

Atkinson, Alexander. Social Order and the General Theory of Strategy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1981.

B

Bacevich, Andrew. "Why read Clausewitz when Shock and Awe can make a clean sweep of things?" London Review of Books, 8 June 2006, pp.3-6. This is a review of Cobra II: The Inside Story of the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq, by Michael Gordon and Bernard Trainor (Atlantic, 2006, ISBN 1843543524).

Baldwin, P.M. "Clausewitz in Nazi Germany." Journal of Contemporary History, v.16 (1981), 5-26.

Barfoed, Major Jacob [Ph.D., faculty member in the Institute for Military Operations, Royal Danish Defence College]. "The COG strikes back: Why a 200 Year Old Analogy Still Has a Central Place in the Theory and Practice of Strategy." Baltic Security and Defence Review, Volume 17, Issue 2 (2014), pp.5-32.

Baquer, Brigadier General (ret.) Dr. Alonso. "Clausewitz, Spain and the 21st Century," pp.312-320 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Barfoed, Major Jacob [faculty member, Royal Danish Defence College]. "The COG strikes back: Why a 200 Year Old Analogy Still Has a Central Place in the Theory and Practice of Strategy." Baltic Security and Defence Review, Volume 17, Issue 2, 2014, pp.5-33.

Barnett, Correlli. "Karl Maria von Clausewitz, 1780-1831." Editors of American Heritage. Makers of Modern Thought. New York: American Heritage Publishers, 1972. [Note that Clausewitz's correct name was Carl Philipp Gottfried von Clausewitz; his wife's name was Marie von Brühl, and that may be the original source of the confusion).]

Bassford, Christopher. "Carl von Clausewitz," in Frank N. Magill, ed., Great Lives from History: Renaissance to 1900. Pasadena: Salem Press, 1989.

Bassford, Christopher. "The Reception of Clausewitzian Theory in Anglo-American Military Thought." West Lafayette, IN: Ph.D. Dissertation, Purdue University, 1991. 528pp. Available on Microfilm from University Microfilms International, UMI order#9215511

Bassford, Christopher. "Wellington on Clausewitz." Paper presented to the 23rd Meeting of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, February 1992.

Bassford, Christopher. "Jomini and Clausewitz: Their Interaction." Paper presented to the 24th Meeting of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe at Georgia State University, 26 February 1993. Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, XX (1992). Tallahassee, FL: Florida State University, 1994.

Bassford, Christopher. Clausewitz in English: The Reception of Clausewitz in Britain and America, 1815-1945. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. Reviewed: Dennis Showalter, History Book Club Review, March 1994; Richard M. Swain, Military Review, July 1994; Ralph Peters, Parameters, Winter 1994-95; Eliot Cohen, Foreign Affairs, v.73 no.4; Daniel Moran, International History Review, February 1995; Antulio Echevarria, Armed Forces & Society, Fall 1995; James J. Schneider, American Historical Review, December 1995; Robert H. Larson, Albion, Volume 28, Issue 2, Summer 1996, pp. 342 - 343, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4052504; Paul M. Hayes, The English Historical Review , Nov 1996, Vol. 111, No. 444 (Nov 1996), pp. 1328-1329.

Bassford, Christopher. "John Keegan and the Grand Tradition of Trashing Clausewitz." War in History, November 1994, pp.319-336. [The printed version of this is marked by an inexplicably high number of typographical errors, corrected in this on-line version.]

Bassford, Christopher, and Edward J. Villacres. "Reclaiming the Clausewitzian Trinity." Parameters, Autumn 1995. (PDF) (HTML)

Bassford, Christopher. Review essay on Carl von Clausewitz, On War. Defense Analysis, June 1996.

Bassford, Christopher. "A Word Index to Carl von Clausewitz's On War." ClausewitzStudies.org.,1998/2012.

Bassford, Christopher. "Doctrinal Complexity: Nonlinearity in Marine Corps Doctrine." In F.G. Hoffman and Gary Horne, eds., Maneuver Warfare Science. United States Marine Corps Combat Development Command, 1998.

Bassford, Christopher, et al. See Clausewitz, Carl von. Clausewitz on Strategy (New York: Wiley, 2001). This is a business-strategic discussion aimed at CEOs.

Bassford, Christopher, Daniel Moran, Gregory Pedlow, ed., On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815. Clausewitz.com, 2010/2015. See also Clausewitz, Carl von, The Campaign of 1815 in France. Reviews: The Journal of Military History (David T. Zabecki) and War in History (Bruno Colson).

Bassford, Christopher. "Tiptoe Through the Trinity, or, The Strange Persistence of Trinitarian Warfare." This working paper (modified 2005–2020) is derived from a presentation given at Oxford in 2005 but is much more comprehensive. This link points to the latest iteration.

Note: Two published articles (with different emphases) derive from this on-line working paper:

Bassford, Christopher. "The Primacy of Policy and the 'Trinity' in Clausewitz's Mature Thought." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp.74-90. ISBN 0199232024

Bassford, Christopher. "The Strange Persistence of Trinitarian Warfare." In Ralph Rotte and Christoph Schwarz, eds., International Security and War: Politics and Grand Strategy in the 21st Century. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011, pp.45-54.

Yet another specialized re-slicing of this is the paper "The State is Dead: Long Live the State. The Strange Persistence of Clausewitz’s 'Trinitarian Warfare'," posted on-line in July 2011. This is simply a rehash of the same material, tailored specifically to support a class presentation focused on the state system.

Bassford, Christopher, ed. (with Daniel Moran and Gregory W. Pedlow). Clausewitz, Carl von, and Arthur Wellesley,1st Duke of Wellington, et al. On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815. Clausewitz.com, 2010.

Bassford, Christopher. "Clausewitz in America Today." In Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Reiner Pommerin, ed., Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century [Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society]. Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011, pp.342-356.

Bassford, Christopher. "Carl von Clausewitz" [bibliographical essay], Oxford Bibliographies, last modified 6 FEB 2012.

Bassford, Christopher. "Clausewitz's Categories of War." In Future Wars: Storia della distopia militare, ed. Virgilio Ilari [President, Società Italiana di Storia Militare] Acies Edizioni Milano, 2016. [Forthcoming] This is an earlier, less fully developed, and much shorter version of the paper ""Clausewitz's Categories of War and the Supersession of 'Absolute War','" (listed immediately below), which was written at the invitation of the Società Italiana di Storia Militare.

Bassford, Christopher. "Clausewitz's Categories of War and the Supersession of 'Absolute War.'" Clausewitz.com. This is a 'working paper' first posted in 2016. This link points to the latest iteration. This paper examines a number of categories of war either explored by Clausewitz or attributed to him by later writers. It discusses the difficulties in categorizing warfare, the evolution of Clausewitz's approach to the problem, and a number of related translation issues. It argues that Clausewitz abandoned the idea of 'absolute war' (which appears almost exclusively in the first half of Book VIII) and that 'ideal war' is a distinctly new departure in Book I (which is generally considered the "most finished" Book). The customary conflation of these two related concepts (related, that is, in the sense that 'ideal war' is the intellectual descendant of the earlier absolute war concept) is the principal source of the widespread confusion concerning Clausewitz's mature theory of war.

Bassford, Christopher. "Clausewitz and His Works." Clausewitz.com, 1996–2019. A general discussion of Clausewitz's life, works, and reception.

Bassford, Christopher. Policy, Politics, War, and Military Strategy. ClausewitzStudies.org, 2023. This book is the latest evolution of Bassford's original draft for MCDP 1-1: Strategy (Quantico, VA: United States Marine Corps, 1997) which remains current USMC doctrine.

Baucom, Donald R. Clausewitz on Space War: An Essay on the Strategic Aspects of Military Operations in Space. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University Press, 1992.

Bauer, Richard H. "Hans Delbrück (1848-1929)." Bernadotte E. Schmitt. Some Historians of Modern Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1942.

Baumann, Robert F. "Historical Perspectives on Future War" Military Review, March-April 1997.

Beck, Oberst i Gst [Colonel of the Swiss General Staff], Dr. Roland. "Clausewitz in Switzerland," pp.329-341 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "Using and Abusing Clausewitz: The Debate about Carl von Clausewitz's Influence over Escalation of Violence." Master's thesis, Norwich University's on-line Masters of Art in Military History (MMH) program, 22 September 2011.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "The Other Clausewitz: Findings from the Newly Discovered Correspondence between Marie and Carl von Clausewitz." The Journal of Military History 79 (April 2015): 345-367. Posted here with the kind permission of JMH to V.E. Bellinger.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "Carl von Clausewitz’s Obituary from 1831." Blog entry, "The Other Clausewitz," May 14, 2015.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "Archives: What a Letter from Clausewitz Tells Us About the Prussian Master and His World." War on the Rocks, 21 AUG 2015.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "A Portrait of Clausewitz as a Young Officer." War on the Rocks, 23 OCT 2015. Includes a newly-found drawing of Clausewitz made c.1808-1810. Concerns a letter Clausewitz wrote in 1808 to August Wilhelm von Schlegel, a poet and leader of German Romanticism.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "Saving ‘On War’ — Marie von Clausewitz’s Forgotten Battle to Preserve Her Husband’s Legacy." MilitaryHistoryNow.com, 13 November, 2015.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. Marie von Clausewitz: The Woman Behind the Making of On War. New York/London: Oxford University Press, 2015. ISBN: 0190225432.

Reviews:

Jerry Lenaburg for New York Journal of Books, 1 NOV 2015.

Library Journal, 15 OCT 2015.

Jill S.Russel on Blogs of War, March 21, 2016; on H-Net (March 2016).

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "Five Things You Didn't Know About Carl von Clausewitz." The Strategy Bridge, January 5, 2016.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. Translation of Clausewitz's Obituary (originally in Staatszeitung, 22. November 1831).

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "Five Things That Helped Carl von Clausewitz Become A Great Strategic Thinker." The Strategy Bridge, 19 APR 2017.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "Clausewitz's Library: Strategy, Politics, and Poetry," The Strategy Bridge, August 6, 2018. Bellinger references a list of the books found in Marie's estate on her death in 1836. See "Book Collection List," annotated and including English translations of titles.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. “Lieber and Clausewitz: The Understanding of Modern War and the Theoretical Origins of General Orders No. 100.” Journal of the Civil War Era 12, No.1 (March 2022): 28-53.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "A Timid Staff Officer? Reassessing Carl von Clausewitz’s Role in the Battles of Ligny and Wavre (June 16-20, 1815)." The Sword and the Spirit: Proceedings from War and Peace in the Times of Napoleon, Zack White (ed.), Warwick, UK: Helion Publishing, 2021.

Bellinger, Vanya Eftimova. "When Resources Drive Strategy: Understanding Clausewitz/Corbett’s War Limited by Contingent." Military Strategy Magazine (formerly Infinity Journal), Volume 7 Issue 1 (Spring 2020), pp.27- 34.

Vanya Eftimova Bellinger, "A Portrait of Carl von Clausewitz as a Senior Officer: The Question of Military Regulations and the Role of Routine and Creativity in Military Conduct," The Strategy Bridge, 2 JAN 2023.

Bentley, Lorne William [LTCOL, CAF]. “Clausewitz and German Idealism: The Influence of G.W.F. Hegel on 'On War.'” Master’s Thesis, US Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, KS, 1988. 122pp.

Bentley, Bill. "Clausewitz and the Blue Flower of Romanticism: Understanding On War." Canadian Military Journal, 14 July 2008.

Bentley, Bill. "Clausewitz and On War." Canadian Military Journal, Vol.9 No.2, pp.114-119.

Bertram, Eva, and Kenneth Sharpe. "The Unwinnable Drug War: What Clausewitz Would Tell Us." World Policy Journal, Volume XIII, No 4, Winter 1996-97. [See also similar article, listed in this bibliography, by Kenneth E. Sharpe.]

Betts, Richard K. "Is Strategy An Illusion?" International Security, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Fall 2000), pp. 5–50.

Betz, David, "Clausewitz and Connectivity," Infinity Journal, Volume 3, Issue No. 1, Winter, 2012, pp.4-9.

Betz, David [Professor of War in the Modern World in the Department of War Studies, King’s College London and Senior Fellow of the Foreign Policy Research Institute]. “In Search of a Point: The Blob at War,” Military Strategy Magazine, Special Edition, “The Continuing Relevance of Clausewitz," December 2020, pages 22-27.

"Clausewitz’s concept of war is fundamentally true. The problem is that the foreign policy establishment of the West, aka ‘the Blob,’ cannot handle the truth. Military force has a very limited range of utility. We should respect it more and use it less."

Beutel, Craig. "Centre of Gravity: Not such a CoG in the system." Australian Army, Our Future (Blog), 24 March 2016.

Beyerchen, Alan D. "Chance and Complexity in the Real World: Clausewitz on the Nonlinear Nature of War," International Security, Winter 1992/1993. 59-90. [Local backup (HTML)]

Beyerchen, Alan D. Clausewitz, Nonlinearity, and the Importance of Imagery, in David S. Alberts and Thomas J. Czerwinski, eds. Complexity, Global Politics, and National Security. Washington, D.C.: National Defense University, 1997.

Beyerchen, Alan D. [Pamphlet] "Why Metaphors Matter: Understanding the power of implicit comparison and its uses within the Marine Corps." Perspectives on Warfighting Number 5. Quantico, VA, [Date?]. This essay is not particularly about Clausewitz, but it does make some references to him that are interesting in the light of Beyerchen's other relevant work.

Beyerchen, Alan. "Clausewitz and the Non-Linear Nature of War: Systems of Organized Complexity." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Bi, Jianxiang, "The Impact of Clausewitz on Mao: War and Politics," MA Thesis, Department of Political Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Spring 1989. 173pp.

Bi, Jianxiang. "On Strategies of East Asian Limited Wars: States, Militaries, Technologies." Doctoral dissertation, Carleton University [Canada], 1996.

Binkley, John. "Clausewitz and Subjective Civilian Control: An Analysis of Clausewitz’s Views on the Role of the Military Advisor in the Development of National Policy." Armed Forces & Society, April 2016, Vol. 42 Issue 2, pp.251-275. The original paper was posted to Research Gate in 2015. [This article focuses on Carl von Clausewitz’s ideas regarding civil–military relations and in particular how those ideas relate to Samuel Huntington’s models of objective and subjective civilian control.]

Blumenson, Martin. "A Deaf Ear to Clausewitz: Allied Operational Objectives in WWII." Parameters 23 (Summer 1993): pp.16-27.

Bond, Brian. "The Influence of Jomini and Clausewitz." The Pursuit of Victory: Napoleon to Saddam Hussein. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1996/98 [evidently written in 1994], pp.44-57.

Boylan, COL Steve [U.S. Army, Ret.] "Public Opinion: A Center of Gravity Leaders Forget." Military Review, September-October 2015, pp.93-105.

Brands, Hal, ed. The New Makers of Modern Strategy: From the Ancient World to the Digital Age (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023).

Bredow, Wilfried von. "Civil-Military Relations and Democracies." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Breede, Hans Christian [Captain, INF, MA, CD, Royal Canadian Regiment]. "Clausewitz and the Search for Limited Nuclear Options—1975-1980." Canadian Military Journal, vol.12, No.2 (Spring 2012), pp.37-42.

Brinton, Crane, Gordon A. Craig, and Felix Gilbert. "Jomini." Edward Mead Earle, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to Hitler. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1944.

Brodie, Bernard. "Clausewitz: a Passion for War." [A review of Roger Parkinson, Clausewitz: A Biography.] World Politics, 25, 2 (January 1973). 288-308.

Brodie, Bernard. "Technological Change, Strategic Doctrine, and Political Outcomes." Klaus Knorr, ed. Historical Dimensions of National Security Problems. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1976, 263-306.

Brodie, Bernard. "The Continuing Relevance of On War." Carl von Clausewitz, eds./trans. Michael Howard and Peter Paret, On War (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976). 45-58.

Brodie, Bernard. "A Guide to the Reading of On War." Carl von Clausewitz, eds./trans. Michael Howard and Peter Paret, On War (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976). 641-711.

Brodie, Bernard. "In Quest of the Unknown Clausewitz." [A review of Paret's Clausewitz and the State.] International Security, v.1, No.3 (Winter 1977).

Brown, Robin [Institute of Communications Studies, University of Leeds]. "Clausewitz in the Age of Al-Jazeera: Rethinking the Military-Media Relationship." Paper, Harvard Symposium "Restless Searchlight: The Media and Terrorism." 21 August 2002.

Bubke, Otto. Clausewitz and Naval Warfare. Bergisch Gladbach: Amt fur Studien und Ãœbungen der Bundeswehr, 1987. [From Library, Armed Forces Staff College, Norfolk, VA, call# U 102.B82.]

Bucholz, Arden. Hans Delbrück and the German Military Establishment: War Images in Conflict. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1985.

Bucholz, Arden, ed., Delbrück's Modern Military History. University of Nebraska Press, 1997.

Bungay, Stephen. The Art of Action: How Leaders Close the Gaps between Plans, Actions and Results. London/Boston: Nicholas Brealey, 2011. This is a business treatment that draws heavily on Clausewitz and Moltke, but Bungay has real credentials both as a business strategist and as a military historian.

Burns, Major [USA] John H. "The Great Delusion." Infantry Journal, March-April 1936, 151-155.

Burns, Major John H. "What About Military History?" Infantry Journal, July-August 1938, 321-327.

Byrne, Jim. "Keegan versus von Clausewitz," The Defence Associations National Network's National Network News, vol.6 no.1 (Spring 1999). Originally http://www.sfu.ca/~dann/Backissues/nn6-1_14.htm

C

Caemmerer, Rudolph von. The Development of Strategical Science during the Nineteenth Century. London: Hugh Rees, 1905; reprinted Carlisle, PA: U.S. Army War College, 1983.

Callum, Robert. "War as a Continuation of Policy by Other Means: Clausewitzian Theory in the Persian Gulf War." Defense Analysis Vol. 17 Issue 1 (April 2001), pp.59-72. DOI: 10.1080/07430170120041802.

Campbell, John W. "Evolution of a Doctrine: The Principles of War." Marine Corps Gazette, 1970, 54(12).

Cannon, Michael W. "Clausewitz for Beginners." Airpower Journal, v.III, Summer 1989, 48-57.

Caraccilo, Dominic J. Terminating the Ground War in the Persian Gulf: A Clausewitzian Examination. Arlington, VA: The Institute of Land Warfare, Association of the United States Army. Series: The Land Warfare Papers, Number 26, September 1997.

Caraccilo, Major [USAF] Dominic J., and Major [USAF] John L. Pothin. "Coup d"oeil: The Commander"s Intuition in Clausewitzian Terms." Air & Space Power Chronicles, 16 February 2000.

Carlyle, Robert. Clausewitz's Contemporary Relevance. Occasional Paper #16. Camberley: The Strategic and Combat Studies Institute, 1995.

Carr, M.I. (Captain, Royal Australian Infantry). "Clausewitz: Absolute War and a Politico-Military Communications Gap." Defence Force Journal (Australia), 1977, no.3, 50-55.

Cassidy, Robert, and Jacqueline Tame. "The Wages of War without Strategy, Part I: Clausewitz, Vietnam, and the Roots of Strategic Confusion." War on the Rocks, January 5, 2017. See also PART II and PART III.

Casyndekan, Inc. The Clausewitz Casyndekan. Colorado Springs: Casyndekan, Inc., 1969.

Catanzaro, Sarah. "Clausewitz was a Data Strategist," Machine Learnings (Understand how AI will change your work and life), Jan 26, 2017.

Cederman, Lars-Erik; Warren, T. Camber; and Sornette, Didier. "Testing Clausewitz: Nationalism, Mass Mobilization, and the Severity of War." International Organization 65, Fall 2011, pp.605–38. doi:10.10170S0020818311000245. Abstract: "Drawing on Clausewitz’s classical theory, we argue that the emergence of mass nationalism following the French Revolution profoundly altered the nature of the units constituting the interstate system, thereby transforming the conduct of interstate warfare. To validate these assertions—and thus to test Clausewitz—we rely on quantitative evidence at the macro level, with a particular focus on the global distribution of interstate war sizes, measured in terms of battle deaths, over the past five centuries. Drawing on extreme value theory, we demonstrate that temporal discontinuities in the shapes of the tails of such distributions can be used to draw inferences about the nature of the mechanisms underlying the bloodiest events in world history. This approach allows us to show that the interstate system experienced a fundamental shift in the mechanisms underlying the production of war sizes: a shift that can be dated to the years 1770–1810, and that resulted in a systematic increase in war severity. These same tools also allow us to rule out a number of alternative explanations for this shift —including changes in population sizes and changes in weapons technology), while providing evidence for a specific account of war severity rooted in the mobilizational capacities of states."

Charteris, Captain R.E. "The Relative Advantages of Offensive and Defensive Strategy." Paper, Indian Staff College, 1907. Public Record Office, WO 79/61.

Chesney, Lieut.-Colonel Charles C. [Cornwallis], R.E. Waterloo Lectures: A Study of the Campaign of 1815. London: Longmans, Green, and Company, 1868.

[Chesney, Colonel Charles, R.E.] "Studies of the Recent War," Edinburgh Review, v.CXXXIII, no.CCLXII (April 1871), pp545-586.

Chesney, Colonel Charles, R.E. "The Study of Military Science in Time of Peace." Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, v.XV, no.LXII, 1871.

Chesney, Colonel Charles, R.E. "Battle." Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th edition. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1878-88.

Chipman, Donald D. "Karl von Clausewitz and the Concept of Command Leadership." Military Review, August 1987, 27-39.

Cimbala, Stephen. Clausewitz and Escalation: Classical Perspectives on Nuclear Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1991. ISBN 0714634204.

Cimbala, Stephen J. Clausewitz and Chaos: Friction in War and Military Policy. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2001. ISBN 0275969517.

Clark, Ian. Waging War: A Philosophical Introduction. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988.

Clark, Mark T. "The Continuing Relevance of Clausewitz." Strategic Review, Vol. XXVI, No. 1 (Winter 1998), pp. 54-61.

Clark, Mark T. "Does Clausewitz Apply to Criminal-States and Gangs?" Global Crime, Volume 7, Issue 3-4, August 2006, pages 407-427.

CLAUSEWITZ, CARL VON.

See German bibliography for links to original writings in German, publications, papers, etc.

NOTIONAL CHRONOLOGY OF CLAUSEWITZ'S WRITINGS, 1813-31

This ClausewitzStudies.org list is based on various sources, including Peter Paret's Clausewitz and the State; Paret and Daniel Moran, eds., Historical and Political Writings; Eberhard Kessel, "Die Entstehungsgeschichte von Clausewitz' Buch 'Vom Kriege,'" and Paul Donker's "Die Entwicklung von Clausewitz' Vom Kriege: Eine Rekonstruktion auf der Grundlage der früheren Fassungen seines Meisterwerks." It covers only a small selection of his works (Clausewitz's collected works runs to 10 volumes, and even that is incomplete). The composition dates of many entries are very uncertain. A larger bibliography of Clausewitz's works in German is here.

1804-5
Strategie aus dem Jahre 1804 (with material on 1808 and 1809 added in those years)

1807
"The Germans and the French"

1809
Letter to Fichte

1812
Memorandum for the Crown Prince [Principles of War]
Bekenntnissdenkschrift
, literally "Confession memorandum"

1813
"The Campaign of 1813 to the Armistice"

1814
Parts of 'The Campaign of 1812 in Russia"

1816-18
Vom Kriege version 1, " Aphorismen über den Krieg und die Kriegführung (pub. 1835)
Essays on strategy
'The Campaign of 1814 in France"
"On the Life and Character of Scharnhorst" (1817)
"On the German Federal Army" (1818)

1819
Memorandum on the Kriegsschule
"Our Military Institutions"
"On the Political Advantages and Disadvantages of the Prussian Landwehr"

1819-23
Political essays

Early 1820's
"The Campaigns of Frederick the Great"
"Agitation"

1819-27 (or "c.1825")
[Vom Kriege vers 2] The first six books of On War; drafts of books VII & VIII

1820's
"Observations on the Wars of the Austrian Succession"
"Strategic Critique of the Campaign of 1814 in France"

1823-25
Completion of "The Campaign of 1812 in Russia"
Observations on Prussia in Her Great Catastrophe (after 1824)

1826 or later
"Some Comments on the War of the Spanish Succession after Reading the Letters of Madame de Maintenon to the Princess des Ursins"

1827-30
Revisions of Vom Kriege (minimal)
The Campaign of 1796 in Italy
The Campaigns of 1799 in Italy and Switzerland
The Campaign of 1815 in France

1831
"Europe since the Polish Partitions"
"On the Basic Question of Germany's Existence"

[Clausewitz, Carl von.] J.E. Marston, The Life and Campaigns of Field Marshal Prince Blücher (London: Sherwood, Neely, and Jones, 1815). Marston's book contains what Peter Paret [Clausewitz and the State, p.240, n.46] has described as a "free rendering" of Clausewitz's study of the campaign of 1813 (Der Feldzug von 1813 bis zum Waffenstillstand. Glatz, 1813.)

Clausewitz, Carl von. [Summary of] On War. Trans/ed. unknown. The Military and Naval Magazine of the United States, v.V and VI (August and September issues, 1835). Originally appeared in The Metropolitan Magazine (London), v.13, May and June 1835, pp.64-71 & 166-176, respectively. [Also 64-71, 166-176. in Google Books]. 19pp.

Clausewitz, Carl von, trans. Cecil Cope Jenkinson (third Lord Liverpool). "The Campaign of 1815 in France." (This is a typed version of a partial manuscript translation of Der Feldzug von 1815 in Frankreich (Berlin: Ferdinand Dümmlers, 1835). Unpublished, 1840. Papers of the first Duke of Wellington, University of Southampton, Folder 8/1. (The translation was done for the Duke of Wellington. The typescript was done in support of Bassford, et al, ed., On Waterloo.)

Clausewitz, Carl von. The Campaign of 1812 in Russia. Trans. anonymous [Francis Egerton, Lord Ellesmere]. London: J. Murray, 1843; reprinted, Stackpole Books, ISBN 1853671142; reprinted, Hattiesburg, Miss.: Academic International, 1970; reprinted, with an introduction by George Nafziger, London: Greenhill, 1992; reprinted with a Foreword by Gerard Chaliand,1997, ISBN 0962871583; reprinted, with an introduction by Sir Michael Howard, New York: Da Capo Press, 1995. ISBN 0306806509. GoogleBooks. This is based on Clausewitz campaign study as it was published in vol.7 of his collected works, which was substantially different from his own manuscript of 1823-25.).

Clausewitz, Carl von. On War. London: N. Trübner, 1873. Trans. Colonel J.J. [James John Graham]. Originally Vom Kriege. Berlin: Dümmlers, 1832. Reviewed: William Douglas, United Service Magazine, August 1873, 469-83; October 1873, 164-176. This included as an appendix the "Summary of the Instruction Given by the Author to His Royal Highness the Crown Prince in the Years 1810, 1811, and 1812," a translation of Clausewitz's "Die wichtigsten Grundsätze des Kriegführens zur Ergänzung meines Unterrichts bei Sr. Königlichen Hoheit dem Kronprinzen," usually referred to as the "Principles of War." We also have the 1942 translation by Hans W. Gatzke.

Clausewitz, Carl von. On War (new and revised edition), 3 vols. Trans. Colonel J.J. Graham, ed. Colonel F.N. Maude. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner, and Company, 1908. Reviewed: Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, LII (1908), 584-85; United Service Magazine, no.953, April 1908, 98-9. [Maude's introduction to On War is HERE.] This version forms the basis for most subsequent abridgements in English and is frequently reissued whole—e.g., an edition published by Barnes & Noble Books, 2004, ISBN 0760755973, with a new introduction by Jan Willem Honig, Senior Lecturer in the Department of War Studies at Kings College London. Volume III in Google Books.

Clausewitz, Carl von. General Carl von Clausewitz on War. Trans. Miss [A.M.E.] Maguire, w/notes by T. [Thomas] Miller Maguire. London: William Clowes and Sons, Limited, 1909. [Originally ran as a serial in The United Service Magazine, March 1907-March 1909.] Reviewed: The United Service Magazine, no.967, June 1909, p328.

Clausewitz, Carl von. "Notes on the Jena Campaign." Includes "Notes on Prussia in Her Grand Catastrophe of 1806" and "Prince August's Battalion in the Battle of Prenzlau." Ed./trans, Colonel Conrad H. Lanza, FA/USA. Command and General Staff School. Jena Campaign Sourcebook. Fort Leavenworth: The General Service Schools Press, 1922.

Clausewitz, Carl von. Principles of War. [Originally "Die wichtigsten Grundsätze des Kriegführens zur Ergänzung meines Unterrichts bei Sr. Königlichen Hoheit dem Kronprinzen." Clausewitz's memorandum for the Crown Prince.] Trans. Hans W. Gatzke. Harrisburg, PA: 1942; reprinted in Stackpole Books, Roots of Strategy, Book 2: 3 Military Classics. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1987. Reviews: Lt. Col. Joseph I. Greene, "The Anatomy of Military Science," The Saturday Review of Literature, 7 November 1942, 3; Alfred Vagts, "Principles of War," The New Republic, 9 November 1942, 616; Vincent McHugh, "Three Not of a Kind," The New Yorker, 10 October 1942, 70; Clive Garsia, "The War and Strategy," International Affairs, v.19 (1943), 676-677. See ISBN 0486427994.

Clausewitz, Karl von. On War. Trans. O.J. Matthijs Jolles. New York: Random House, 1943; Washington, D.C.: Infantry Journal Press, 1950. Reissued as part of Karl von Clausewitz and Sun-Tzu, The Book of War: Sun-Tzu, The Art of Warfare, and Karl von Clausewitz, On War, listed below, ISBN 0375754776.

Clausewitz, Carl von. The Living Thoughts of Clausewitz. Ed. Joseph I. Greene. New York: Longmans, Green and Company, 1943. [Based on Graham translation.]

Clausewitz, Carl von. The Living Thoughts of Clausewitz. Ed. Joseph I. Greene, w/introduction by J.F.C. Fuller. London: Cassell, 1945. Reviewed: "Essence of Clausewitz," Times Literary Supplement, June 23, 1945, 292.

Clausewitz, Karl von. War, Politics, and Power: Selections from On War, and I Believe and Profess. Ed., trans. Edward M. Collins [Colonel, USAF]. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1962. ISBN 0895264013. "I Believe and Profess" is a partial translation of Clausewitz's 1812 "Bekenntnissdenkschrift."

Clausewitz, Carl von. On War. Ed. [and with an introduction by] Anatole Rapoport. Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1968. ISBN 0140444270. A seriously defective abridgement based on the 1908 Maude edition of the 1873 Graham translation. It eliminates Clausewitz's book on "Defense"—i.e., the largest book and one that, through its argument that defense is inherently the stronger form of war, undercuts the view of Clausewitz as a champion of military aggression (a view popularized in Allied propaganda during the World Wars). Despite cutting much of Clausewitz's own discussion for space, it retains many of Maude's Victorian-era imperialist and Social Darwinist insertions, giving the impression that these are part of Clausewitz's own presentation. Rapoport's long, interesting, but hostile introduction (the ire of which is aimed not at Clausewitz himself but at Henry Kissinger and the "neo-Clausewitzians" responsible for the Vietnam War) has been extremely influential on subsequent treatments of Clausewitz, particularly John Keegan's. This Penguin edition is omnipresent in libraries and school bookshelves and is thus an important source for understanding Clausewitz's subsequent reception and reputation.

Clausewitz, Carl von. On War. Ed./trans. Michael Howard and Peter Paret. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976, revised 1984. Reviewed: C.B.A. Behrens. "Which Side was Clausewitz On?" New York Review of Books, October 14, 1976, 41-44; Geoffrey Best, "Master at Arms, Times Literary Supplement, 18 March 1977, p297; response to Best review by Eduard Rosenbaum, 8 April 1977, 432; Gordon L. Shull, Perspective, March 1977, 30; Edward N. Luttwak, The New Republic, 14 May 1977, 36-37; Major (USA) David H. Price, Infantry, May-June 1977; Mark M. Lowenthal, The American Historical Review, June 1977, 608-609; Michael Mandelbaum, The Yale Review, Summer 1977, 613-620; Jehuda Wallach, Journal of Modern History, March 1978, 125-128; John C. Cairns, "Arms and Doctrine," International Journal, Summer 1978, 618-620; Walter Kaegi, Jr., "On War," Armed Forces and Society, Fall 1978, 123-131; Harry G. Summers, Jr., "The Book Our Leaders Should Be Required to Read," Los Angeles Times, 14 August 1983. HARDCOVER ISBN 0691056579 — SOFTCOVER ISBN 0691018545.

Clausewitz, Carl von. On War. Ed./trans. Michael Howard and Peter Paret. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, "Everyman's Library" edition, 1993. ISBN 0679420436.

Clausewitz, Carl von. Two Letters on Strategy. Ed./trans. Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. Carlisle: Army War College Foundation, 1984. If you have difficulty finding that link on the CSI website, try our local backup, or a 4.5mb PDF version from DTIC. We also have a version in an older HTML format.

Clausewitz, Carl von. Historical and Political Writings. Eds./trans. Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. Reviewed, C. Bassford, The International History Review, vol.XIV, no.4 (November 1992). ISBN 0691031924. This volume includes:

CONTENTS

"Some Comments on the War of the Spanish Succession after Reading the Letters of Madame de Maintenon to the Princess des Ursins" (written 1826 or later)

"Observations on the Wars of the Austrian Succession" (1820s)

"Observations on Prussia in her Great Catastrophe" (excerpted. See Lanza trans. above; the two pieces cover the whole) (1823-25)

"On the Life and Character of Scharnhorst" (1817)

"The Campaign of 1812 in Russia" (excerpted) (1823-25; See Egerton trans. for whole)

"Strategic Critique of the Campaign of 1814 in France" (excerpted)

Notes on History and Politics (1803-7)

"The Germans and the French" (1807)

Notes on History and Politics (1807-9)

Letter to Fichte (1809)

"Political Declaration" (excerpted) (1812)
[The German title is Bekenntnisdenkschrift, literally "Confession memorandum"]

"On the German Federal Army" (1818)

"Our Military Institutions" (1819)

"On the Political Advantages and Disadvantages of the Prussian Landwehr" (1819)

"Agitation" (early 1820s)

"Europe since the Polish Partitions" (1831)

"On the Basic Question of Germany's Existence" (1831).

Clausewitz, Karl von, and Sun-Tzu. The Book of War: Sun-Tzu, The Art of Warfare, and Karl von Clausewitz, On War. Ed. Caleb Carr, with an Introduction by Ralph Peters. New York: The Modern Library, 2000. This volume contains Roger T. Ames 1993 version of Sun Tzu and the 1943 O.J. Matthijs Jolles translation of On War, done at the University of Chicago during WWII and now owned by Random House. The Jolles translation is the most accurate of all the English translations. The introduction by Ralph Peters is most interesting. ISBNs 0375754776, 9780375754777.

Clausewitz, Carl von. Clausewitz on Strategy: Inspiration and Insight from a Master Strategist. Edited by Tiha von Ghyczy, Bolko von Oetinger, and Christopher Bassford. The Boston Consulting Group's Strategy Institute through John Wiley & Sons, 2001. (This is a condensation of On War aimed at successful business CEOs.) ISBN 0471415138.

Reviewed:
18 reader reviews on Amazon;
Marilyn Norris, Strategy & Leadership May/June 2001;
Martin Kornberger [Department of Organization, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark], Business History,Volume 55, Issue 7, October 2013, pages 1058-1073 [abstract];
Skip Corsini,Training, Sep2001, Vol. 38 Issue 9, p.79;
Michael Ayers, International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 2002, Vol. 10 Issue 4, p.389.
LaRoi Lawton, Journal of Organizational Excellence, Spring2002, Vol. 21 Issue 2, p97-97.

Clausewitz, Carl von. The Campaign of 1815. Trans. Daniel Moran. Unpublished. Copyright Daniel Moran 2005. Moran's translation was one of the sources for the version incorporated into Carl von Clausewitz and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, et al. On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815, ed./trans. Christopher Bassford, Daniel Moran, and Gregory W. Pedlow (Clausewitz.com, 2010).

Clausewitz, Carl von, and Wellesley, Arthur, first Duke of Wellington. On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815. Ed./trans. Christopher Bassford, Daniel Moran, and Gregory W. Pedlow. Clausewitz.com, 2010. This book contains materials directly relevant to the controversy over Wellington's memorandum in reply to Clausewitz's Der Feldzug von 1815 in Frankreich (Berlin: Dümmlers Verlag, 1835—vol. 8 of Clausewitz's collected works). Reviews: MajGen/Dr. David T. Zabecki, The Journal of Military History, April 2011; Bruno Colson, "Clausewitz on Waterloo," War in History 19 (July 2012), pp.397-400, doi:10.1177/0968344512447183.

Contents:

• Christopher Bassford, introductory essay

• Wellington, immediate after-action report on the battle

• Clausewitz, two letters to his wife Marie, written in July 1815

correspondence within Wellington's circle concerning Clausewitz's campaign study

• Clausewitz, The Campaign of 1815 (a new and complete translation)

• Wellington, memorandum in reply to Clausewitz (1842)

• Daniel Moran, "Clausewitz on Waterloo: Napoleon at Bay"

• Gregory W. Pedlow, "Wellington versus Clausewitz"

The searchable supporting website contains various maps and documents, including the original German text of Der Feldzug von 1815 in Frankreich (Berlin, 1835; this is taken from the 1862 edition) and Lord Liverpool's partial translation made for Wellington's use.

Clausewitz, Carl von. On Wellington: A Critique of Waterloo. Ed./Trans. Peter Hofschröer. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press (series Campaigns and Commanders), 2010. Despite its title, this is a translation of Clausewitz's Der Feldzug von 1815 in Frankreich (Berlin: Dümmlers Verlag, 1832—vol. 8 of Clausewitz's collected works), which is a strategic analysis of the entire campaign and pays no more attention to Wellington than to Blücher or Napoleon. It contains the translator's own introduction; a version of Clausewitz's campaign study; an "epilogue" discussing the campaign study's publication history (notably hostile to Wellington); orders of battle for the armies involved; and bibliographical data. Notwithstanding the artificial focus on Wellington, Wellington's writings on the battle and on Clausewitz are not included.

Clausewitz, Carl von. "My Lectures on Small War, Held at the Prussian War College in 1810 and 1811." In Christopher Daase and James W. Davis, eds., Clausewitz on Small War (Oxford University Press, 2015).

Contents:

Chapter 1. Introduction

Clausewitz, Carl von. "Testimonial" ( Bekenntnisdenkschrift). In Christopher Daase and James W. Davis, eds., Clausewitz on Small War (Oxford University Press, 2015).

Clausewitz, Carl von. "On the Political Advantages and Disadvantages of the Prussian Institution of the Landwehr." In Christopher Daase and James W. Davis, eds., Clausewitz on Small War (Oxford University Press, 2015).

Clausewitz, Carl von. "The Arming of the People" (Volksbewaffnung) [Book 6, Chapter 26 of On War]. In Christopher Daase and James W. Davis, eds., Clausewitz on Small War (Oxford University Press, 2015).

Reviewed by: Artemis Photiadou for LSE Review of Books; Simon Tyler for E-International Relations; Sibylle Scheipers for Small Wars & Insurgencies; John Stone [KCL] for British Journal for Military History.

Clausewitz, Carl von. Trans. Nicholas Murray and Christopher Pringle. Napoleon's 1796 Italian Campaign (University Press of Kansas, 2018). ISBNs: 070062676X, 978-0700626762. The original, Der Feldzug von 1796 in Italien, was probably finished in 1828.

Clausewitz, Carl von. Original trans. Marc Guarin. Strategy in the Year 1804, with Addenda from 1808 and 1809. Eds. Donald A. Stoker and Christopher Bassford. Fort Bragg, NC: Clausewitz.com, 2019. Based on Clausewitz, Strategie aus dem Jahre 1804 mit Zusätzen von 1808 und 1809, Hrsg. von E. Kessel (Hamburg, 1943). This item is temporarily unavailable.

Clausewitz, Carl von, ed./trans Olivia Garard. “On Art and the Theory of Art,Classics of Diplomacy, September 28, 2023.
CSD Editor’s Note: “Über Kunst und Kunsttheorie” is an Artikel or essay by Carl von Clausewitz, written at some point after a trip to Paris [as a privileged POW] in 1807. In her Introduction, Olivia Garard provides context, interpretation, and insight into Clausewitz’s thinking about art, and the connections between those thoughts and his famous teachings in On War. The essay ... is an original translation by Garard, marking the first time to our knowledge that it has appeared in the English language. See also: Garard, Olivia. "Clausewitz’s 'Artikel' on Art: An Introduction," Classics of Strategy and Diplomacy, September 30, 2023.

*Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg]. Pommerin, Reiner, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011. ISBN: 9783937885414. [See two reviews in German.]

CONTENTS:

General Lieutenant (ret.) Dr. Klaus Olshausen, President of the Clausewitz Society, "A Golden Anniversary with Bright Prospects for the Future," pp.9-11.

Colonel (res.) Prof. Dr. Reiner Pommerin, "Clausewitz in a Global World," pp.12-14

Hofrat Dr. Manfried Rauchensteiner, "A Fixed Star in a Galaxy of Quotes – Clausewitz and Austria," pp.15-31.

Prof. Dr. Bruno Colson and Lecturer Dr. Christophe Wasinski, "Tailoring Ends to Means: Clausewitz in Belgium," pp. 32-42.

Prof. Yu Tiejun, "The Western Master and Bible of War: Clausewitz and His On War in China," pp.43-60.

Brigadier General (ret.) Michael Hesselholt Clemmesen, "Observations of a Lonely Clausewitzian Convert: Vom Kriege in Denmark," pp.61-85.

Colonel a. D. Dr. Pekka Visuri, "Clausewitzian War Theory and the Defence Doctrines of Small States: Case Finland," pp.86-107.

Prof. Dr. Hervé Coutau-Bégarie, "XXIst Century’s Clausewitz in France," pp.108-122.

Lieutenant Colonel (ret.) Prof. Dr. Freiherr Claus von Rosen and Colonel Dr. Uwe Hartmann, "The Reception of Clausewitz in Germany," pp.123-150.

Dr. Avi Kober, "Clausewitz and 21st Century: Israeli Military Thinking and Practice," pp.151-173.

Prof. Dr. Virgilio Ilari, Luciano Bozzo and Giampiero Giacomello, "Clausewitz and Italy," pp.174-203.

Dr. Takeshi Oki, "Clausewitz in 21st Century Japan," pp.204-210.

Lecturer Drs. Paul Donker, "Clausewitz and the Netherlands," pp.211-239.

Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Harald Høiback, "Clausewitz and Norway – Staring At a Distant Sun," pp.240-263.

Prof. Dr. Vladimir Prebilic and Jelena Juvan, "Clausewitz in a Post-Communist State: A Case Study of Slovenia," pp.264-287.

Commander Dr. Thean Potgieter and Dr. Francois Vreÿ, "The 'People in Arms' and the Liberation Struggle in South Africa: Can They be Linked?," pp. 287-311.

Brigadier General (ret.) Dr. Alonso Baquer, "Clausewitz, Spain and the 21st Century," pp.312-320.

Dr. Lars Erikson Wolke, "Clausewitz in Sweden," pp.321-328.

Oberst i Gst. [Colonel of the Swiss General Staff] Dr. Roland Beck von Büren, "Clausewitz in Switzerland," pp.329-341.

Professor Dr. Christopher Bassford, "Clausewitz in America Today," pp.342-356.

Clemmesen, Brigadier General (ret.) Michael Hesselholt. "Observations of a Lonely Clausewitzian Convert: Vom Kriege in Denmark," pp.61-85 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Clodfelter, Mark A. "The Air War against North Vietnam, 1965-1972: A Clausewitzian Appraisal and Perception of Effectiveness." Presentation, annual meeting of the American Historical Association at Cincinnati, 1988.

Clodfelter, Mark A. The Limits of Air Power: The American Bombing of North Vietnam. New York: The Free Press, 1989.

Clodfelter, Mark. "Back From the Future: The Impact of Change on Airpower in the Decades Ahead." Strategic Studies Quarterly, Fall 2009, pp.104-122. Contains a useful discussion of the distinctions between "nature," "character," and "conduct" of war in Clausewitz's On War.

Clodfelter, Mark [National War College]. Theory, Implementation, and the Future of Airpower. Air & Space Power Journal, September–October 2014, pp.118-127.

Coats, W.J. "Clausewitz's Theory of War: An Alternative View." Comparative Strategy, vol.5, no.4, 1988, pp.351-373.

Cohen, Eliot A. "Toward Better Net Assessment." International Security, v.13, no.1 (Summer 1988), 50-87.

Cohen, Eliot A. and John Gooch. Military Misfortunes: The Anatomy of Failure in War. New York: Free Press, 1990.

Cohen, Ellot A. Review of Clausewitz's  On War. Foreign Affairs, Sep/Oct97, Vol. 76 Issue 5, p.219.

Coker, Christopher J. Rebooting Clausewitz: On War in the 21st Century (Oxford University Press, 2017). Reviewed: Roberto A. Castelar in LSE Review of Books, 20 NOV 2017; R. Gerald Hughes and Alexandros Koutsoukis, "Clausewitz first, and last, and always: war, strategy and intelligence in the twenty-first century, Intelligence and National Security 34:3, pp.438-455.

Cole, Colonel [USARNG] John C. "Why Guard Officers Should Study Clausewitz." National Guard, October 1982, 17-18.

Cole, Lieutenant Colonel [USAF] James L. "On War Today?" Air University Review, May-June 1980, 20-23.

Colen, Lieut. E.H.H., R.A. "The Battle of Worth." [Staff College Prize Essay, 1872.] Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, v.XVII, no.LXXIII, 1873.

Collins, Edward M. "Clausewitz and Democracy's Modern Wars." Military Affairs 19, no.1 (1955).

Collins, John M. Grand Strategy: Principles and Practices. Annapolis: U.S. Naval Institute, 1973.

Collins, Captain Matthew [USMC], "Clausewitz and Summers on Vietnam: A Contemporary Analysis of On Strategy." Small Wars Journal, vol.3 (October 2005).

Colson, Prof. Dr. Bruno, and Lecturer Dr. Christophe Wasinski, "Tailoring Ends to Means: Clausewitz in Belgium," pp. 32-42 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Colson, Bruno [University of Namur, Belgium]. "Clausewitz for Every War." War in History, 18(2) [2011], pp.249-261. This is a review essay covering:

Clausewitz's Puzzle: The Political Theory of War. By Andreas Herberg-Rothe. Oxford University Press. 2007. 208 pp. ISBN 978 0 19 920269 0

Carl von Clausewitz's On War:A Biography. By Hew Strachan. Atlantic. 2007. 256 pp. ISBN 978 1 84354 391 6

Clausewitz and Contemporary War. By Antulio J. Echevarria. Oxford University Press. 2007. 264 pp. hbk. ISBN 978 0 19 923191 1

Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century. Edited by Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe. Oxford University Press. 2007. 328 pp. ISBN 978 0 19 923202 4

Clausewitz en France: deux siecles de reflexion sur la guerre 1807-2007. By Benoit Durieux. Economica. 2008. 861 pp. ISBN 978 2 7178 5577 7

The Cognitive Challenge of War: Prussia, 1806. By Peter Paret. Princeton University Press. 2009. 176 pp. ISBN 978 0 691 13581 6

Colson, Bruno. Review Article: "Clausewitz on Waterloo." War in History 19 (July 2012), pp.397-400, doi:10.1177/0968344512447183.

Colson, Bruno. Napoleon: On War. Oxford University Press, 2015. ISBNs: 0199685568, 978-0199685561. From the French: Colson, Bruno, ed., Napoleon: De La Guerre. Paris: Perrin, 2011. ISBN-10: 2262036306 — ISBN-13: 978-2262036300.This work, based on deep research into Napoleon's own musings on the subject, has been carefully organized to follow the framework of Carl von Clausewitz's classic On War, allowing a fascinating comparison between Napoleon's ideas and those of his great Prussian adversary and interpreter.

Committee of Imperial Defence (U.K.). Report and Proceedings of a Sub-committee of Imperial Defense. Appointed by the Prime Minister to Reconsider the Question of Overseas Attack. 22 October 1908. Public Record Office, Cab. 16/3A,

Corbett, Julian S. [Stafford]. Some Principles of Maritime Strategy. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1988; originally London: Longmans, Green and Company, 1911.

Cormier, Youri [PhD Candidate, War Studies, King's College London]. "Fighting Doctrines and Revolutionary Ethics." Journal of Military and Strategic Studies, Vol. 15, Issue 1, 2013. [Abstract: "The expression 'Clausewitz connection' has become the standard go-to term for showcasing how keen many Marxists were in citing and applying ideas from On War to their revolution. That being said, the 'connection' has often been exaggerated. Azar Gat made this case effectively by digging up the original exchanges between Marx and Engels and showing they were by no means devout Clausewitzians, even though they read and commented on at least sections of his book, Vom Kriege. The error among scholars has been to expect a connection based on methodological affinities alone. A closer scrutiny reveals that while their methodology had similarities, it was not the methodology that mattered. In fact, the way the revolutionaries cited Clausewitz was strategic, but shallow and far removed from method. Instead, what becomes clear is that the ethical dimension of Clausewitz best explains where and how the revolutionaries linked up with his system, and more importantly where they broke away. To arrive at this conclusion, one must consider the surprising fact that while the Communists were indeed citing Clausewitz, albeit not as much as has been claimed, their Anarchists co-revolutionaries in the anti-bourgeois movement were not citing him at all. Their fighting doctrines were instead tied up closely with Hegel. This exclusive relationship tells us something about how the two groups understood the ethics of political violence—as 'instrumental' in the Clausewitzian tradition, or as a 'right' in the Hegelian tradition—and how this complicated the integration of Clausewitz into communist doctrine and made him altogether irrelevant to anarchist doctrine. "]

Cormier, Youri. "Hegel and Clausewitz: Convergence on Method, Divergence on Ethics." The International History Review, Volume 36, Issue 3, May 2014, pages 419-442. DOI: 10.1080/07075332.2013.859166. [Abstract: "The Hegelian influence in Clausewitz has far more often been stated than it has ever been qualified, quantified, or verified. Perhaps the error was to try to ‘prove’ such a link, rather than focus on what such a convergence consists of and what it means, regardless of how it happened. Using both a historical and a linguistic argument, this essay delineates early writings that are devoid of any Hegelian similarities from those later in Clausewitz's life where a convergence of ideas becomes manifest. A counterpoise to Raymond Aron's overall dismissal of the link between the two authors, this article nonetheless reaches a limit as well: though they agreed in many ways in their methodology, the two fathers of the ‘dialectical war theory’ diverged quite dialectically on ethics. Hegel understands war as an inherently justified ‘right’ of the state, while Clausewitz sees it rather as the neutral ‘instrument’ of a moral agent, the state. The author traces this divergence to a missing link: a foundational aspect of Hegel's method regarding the nature of subjectivity and objectivity is absent from Clausewitz's work, and this appears to generate the impasse. The essay provides grey tones to arguments on either side of the debate about influences, or lack thereof, which have strayed too far into shades of black and white."]

Cormier, Youri [Collège militaire royal du Canada]. War as Paradox: Clausewitz and Hegel on Fighting Doctrines and Ethics. McGill-Queen's University Press, 2016. ISBN: 978-0773547698. Abstract: Cormier seeks to lift the fog on Clausewitz's iconic work by explaining its philosophical underpinnings. Building up a genealogy of dialectical war theory and integrating Hegel with Clausewitz as a co-founders of the method, Cormier uncovers a common logic that shaped the fighting doctrines and ethics of modern war. He explains how Hegel and Clausewitz converged on method, but nonetheless arrived at opposite ethics and military doctrines. Ultimately, Cormier seeks out the limits to dialectical war theory and explores the greater paradoxes the method reveals: can so-called “rational” theories of war hold up under the pressures of irrational propositions, such as lone-wolf attacks, the circular logic of a “war to end all wars,” or the apparent folly of mutually assured destruction? Since the Second World War, commentators have described war as obsolete. War as Paradox argues that dialectical war theory may be the key to understanding why, despite this, it continues.

Corn, Tony. "Clausewitz in Wonderland." Policy Review (Web Exclusive), September 2006. Also read the reply from Christopher Bassford, National War College, "Corn, Cracked. A Response to Tony Corn's "Clausewitz in Wonderland'."

Corn, Tony. "From Mars to Minerva: Clausewitz, Liddell Hart, and the Two Western Ways of War." Small Wars Journal, 21 May 2011.

Cornish, Paul [Director, Centre for Defence Studies, Kings College, London]. "Clausewitz and the Ethics of Armed Forces: Five Propositions." Journal of Military Ethics, Volume 2, Number 3 (November 2003), pp.213-226.

Coroalles, Anthony M. (LtCol). "On War in the Information Age: A Conversation with Carl von Clausewitz." Army 46 (May '96), pp.24-26.

Coutau-Bégarie, Prof. Dr. Hervé. "XXIst Century's Clausewitz in France," pp.108-122 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Cozette, Murielle. "Realistic Realism? American Political Realism, Clausewitz and Raymond Aron on the Problem of Means and Ends in International Politics." Journal of Strategic Studies (2004) 27:3, pp.428-453.

Craig, Gordon A. "Delbrück: The Military Historian." Edward Mead Earle, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to Hitler. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1943. 260-285.

Craig, Gordon A. "Delbrück: The Military Historian." Peter Paret, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986, pp.326-353.

Creswell, Michael H. [FSU]. "Clausewitz: The Debate Continues." HISTORY: Reviews of New Books vol. 39, num. 4 (OCT 2011) pp.104–108. This is a review of Stephen L. Melton. The Clausewitz Delusion: How the American Army Screwed Up the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan (A Way Forward). Minneapolis: Zenith Press, 2009) and H. P. Willmott and Michael B. Barrett, Clausewitz Reconsidered (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Publishers, 2009).

Cronin, P.M. "Clausewitz Condensed." Military Review, August 1985.

Curtis, Mr. Vincent J. "Note To File—On 'Non-Trinitarian' Conflict." The Canadian Army Journal, Volume 9 No. 2, Summer 2006. (This is a critical review of Martin van Creveld, The Transformation of War, 1991).

Curtis, Mr. Vincent J. “The Most Important Thing: The Clausewitzian Center of Gravity Concept.” Royal Canadian Military Institute Otter Paper 2-13, 2013.

D

Daase, Christopher, and James W. Davis, trans./eds. Clausewitz on Small War. Oxford University Press, 2015.

Contents:
1: Introduction
2: My Lectures on Small War, Held at the Prussian War College in 1810 and 1811
3: Testimonial (Bekenntnisdenkschrift)
4: On the Political Advantages and Disadvantages of the Prussian Institution of the Landwehr
5: The Arming of the People (Volksbewaffnung) [Book 6, Chapter 26 of On War]

Reviewed by: Artemis Photiadou for LSE Review of Books; Simon Tyler for E-International Relations; Sibylle Scheipers for Small Wars & Insurgencies (includes a reply by the editors).

Daase, Christopher. "Clausewitz and Small Wars." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp.182-195. ISBN 0199232024

Daase, Christopher. "Clausewitz and Small Wars." Paper presented at the conference "Clausewitz in the 21st Century," Oxford University, 21-23 March 2005.

Danchev, Alex. "Liddell Hart’s Big Idea." Review of International Studies 25 (1999), pp.29–48.

Darling, Paul and Lawlor, Justin, "Married to Clausewitz but sleeping with Jomini: How operational concepts masquerade as strategy, and why they must," Infinity Journal, Volume 2, Issue No. 3, Summer 2012, pp.21-24. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Davis, Donald E., and Walter S.G. Kohn. "Lenin as Disciple of Clausewitz." Military Review, September 1971, 49-55. [See also Lenin, V.I. "Lenin's Notebook on Clausewitz." Ed./trans. Donald E. Davis and Walter S.G. Kohn. In David R. Jones, ed., Soviet Armed Forces Review Annual, vol.1. Gulf Breeze, FL: Academic International Press, 1977, pp.188-229.]

Davis, James W. [U. St. Gallen, Switzerland]. Review of Sibylle Scheipers, On Small War: Carl von Clausewitz and People's War (Oxford University Press, 2018), in Contemporary Political Theory (2018), doi: 10.1057/s41296-018-0272-x.

Davis-Perritano, Colonel Melinda L., USAF. "On Trial: An Application of Clausewitzian Military Strategic Thought to Litigation." The Reporter, Summer 2010, pp.11-18. (Written at the US Air War College.)

Davison, Cpt. K.L., Jr. "Clausewitz and the Indirect Approach—Misreading the Master." Airpower Journal, Winter 1988.

Deacon, Roger. [teaches philosophy and theory of education in the School of Education, University of Natal, Durban], "Clausewitz and Foucault: war and power," Scientia Militaria 31 (1), 2003. Posted by African Journals Online. From the Abstract: "This paper considers what at first sight appears to be Foucault's reversal of Clausewitz, but which on closer examination can be seen to be an accordance with many striking parallels. It is argued that Foucault's reconceptualisation of modem, or disciplinary, relations of power corresponds remarkably closely with Clausewitz's analysis of war, to the extent that both power and war can be understood in terms of multiple, unstable, interactive and variable relations of force, governed by rationality but often resistant to analysis, the significance of which lies primarily in their fluctuating and reciprocal outcomes and consequences, and not least their moral and psychological components and effects.

De Bono, Edward. The Greatest Thinkers: The Thirty Minds That Shaped Our Civilization. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1976. (Contains essays on Moses, Confucius, Plato, Aristotle, Euclid, Jesus, Augustine, Aquinas, Columbus, Machiavelli, Copernicus, Luther, Bacon, Descartes, Newton, Rousseau, Kant, Malthus, Clausewitz, Darwin, Marx, Clerk Maxwell, William James, Nietzsche, Pavlov, Freud, Einstein, Keynes, Wiener, and Sartre.) The video version on Clausewitz was extraordinarily poor: one got the impression that de Bono had once heard Clausewitz mentioned, possibly on the subway. That video seems to have been withdrawn.

de Graaff, Bob [senior lecturer, Department of History of International Relations, University of Utrecht]. "The Wars in Former Yugoslavia in the 1990s: Bringing the State Back In." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

de Haas, Marcel [Royal Netherlands Air Force; lecturer in International Relations and International Law, Royal Netherlands Military Academy]. "The Second Chechen War: An Analysis of the Levels of Strategy." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

de Landmeter, Colonel E.A. [Colonel Eric de Landmeter is a defense attaché in Moskow]. "The relevance of Clausewitz's 'On War' to today's conflicts," Militaire Spectator (Netherlands), 26 juli 2018.

de Warren, Nicolas [Research Professor of Philosophy, Husserl Archives, Institute of Philosophy, KU Leuven]. "A Rumor of Philosophy: On Thinking War in Clausewitz," Russian Sociological Review, 2015, Vol.4. No.4, pp.12-26. doi: 10.17323/1728-192x-2015-4-12-27

Delbrück, Hans. Numbers in History. London: University of London Press, 1913. [Two lectures delivered before the University of London on October 6 and 7, 1913.]

Delbrück, Hans. "The German Military System." Various German Writers, trans. William Wallace Whitelock. Modern Germany in Relation to the Great War. New York: Mitchell Kennerley, 1916; originally Deutschland und der Weltkrieg, 1915, 169-183.

Delbrück, Hans, trans. [Brigadier General, USA] Walter J. Renfroe, Jr. History of the Art of War within the Framework of Political History, 4 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1975-85. The text of the German original is on-line here.

Delbrück, Hans. Book 4, Chapter IV, "Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, Clausewitz." In Delbrück, Hans, trans. [Brigadier General, USA] Walter J. Renfroe, Jr., The Dawn of Modern Warfare: History of the Art of War, Volume IV, pp.449-456. This short, fair-use exerpt from Delbrück's work gives a useful taste of his treatment of Clausewitz.

Denn, William J. [Major, US Army military intelligence; student at US Army School of Advanced Military Studies], "Operational Art: How Clausewitz and Isserson Turn American Strategy into Tactical Action." Modern War Institute (West Point), December 30, 2016.

Department of Military Art and Engineering, USMA. Clausewitz, Jomini, Schlieffen. West Point, 1951. [Rewritten, in part by Colonel [USA] John R. Elting, 1964.]

Derbent, T. , trans. Christopher Bassford. "Clausewitz, Mao and Maoism." ClausewitzStudies.org, 20 May 2020. Originally "Clausewitz, Mao et le maoïsme," Complément à Clausewitz et la guerre populaire paru dans la revue Clarté rouge n°4, Bruxelles, mai 2013, pp. 13-29. Derbent's assessment (writing in French and based to a large extent on Zhang Yuanlin's research in German)—was much more conclusive than his earlier thinking in Derbent, Clausewitz et la Guerre Populaire (Bruxelles: Aden, 2004); see this material from T. Derbent's website.

Detweiler, Christopher ["aus den USA]. "An Introduction to the Modern Chinese Science of Military Supraplanning." doctoral dissertation, Universität Freiburg i. Br., 2009. [See description and download at the link above.] Lots of good Chinese bibliography re Clausewitz.

Dexter, Byron. "Clausewitz and Soviet Strategy." Foreign Affairs, v.29, no.1 (October 1950). 41-55.

Dimitriu, George [Netherlands Armed Forces]. "Clausewitz and the politics of war: A contemporary theory." Journal of Strategic Studies, published online: 15 Oct 201. DOI: 10.1080/01402390.2018.1529567. And HERE. From the Abstract: "This paper re-examines the theoretical underpinnings of Strategic Studies, proposing a novel theory and a new framework for analyzing war's fundamental relationship with politics in line with the Clausewitzian tradition. Throughout modern history, Clausewitz's concept of politics has been misconstrued as referring only to policy whereas in fact, for him, 'politics' was a much broader concept, including domestic power struggles. The political logic of war is defined here as the convergence of the interrelating factors of power struggles and policy objectives within a given polity that restrains and enables these political forces."

Diniz, Eugenio, and Domìcio Proença, Junior [Brazil]. “A Criterion for Settling Inconsistencies in Clausewitz’s On War,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 35, Issue 1, 2012, pp.1-24. Abstract: "On War's unfinished state has been a source of difficulties for interpretation for 180 years. By establishing a hierarchy of revision among the parts, the authors propose a criterion that can bring any part of On War in line with the most advanced stage of Clausewitz's thinking. We exemplify the utility, illustrate the underpinnings and appreciate the potential of this criterion. We argue that the criterion offers the prospect of a shared, coherent, fully consistent and faithful rendering of Clausewitz's theory of war." DOI: 10.1080/01402390.2011.621725.

Dodd, James. Chapter 1. "Schmitt's Challenge (Clausewitz, Schmitt)," Violence and Phenomenology (Routledge, 2009), pp.20-45.

Donker, Lecturer Drs. Paul. "Clausewitz and the Netherlands," pp.211-239 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Donker, Paul. "Aphorismen über den Krieg und die Kriegführung as the first version of Clausewitz's masterpiece: A textual comparison with Vom Kriege," 108 Research Paper, a publication of the Faculty of Military Sciences, Netherlands Defence Academy, May 2016. Download PDF from: https://hbo-kennisbank.nl/details/sharekit_nlda:oai:surfsharekit.nl:5043ae2a-3641-48a4-ac78-46c27199d7c9. This paper discusses a list of 177 aphoristic statements that was published as Carl von Clausewitz, "Aphorismen über den Krieg und die Kriegführung," Zeitschrift für Kunst, Wissenschaft und Geschichte des Krieges, Band 28, Viertes Heft 1833—Band 35, Siebentes Heft, 1835. These aphorisms may be essentially a compilation from a late but not final version of Vom Kriege or, as Donker rather convincingly argues, may be from a significantly older (c.1817) manuscript. If the latter idea seems to be the case (a difficult thing to prove) it will create serious controversy over the existing conventional wisdom concerning the writing of Clausewitz's most famous work.

Donker, Paul. "The Genesis of Clausewitz's On War Reconsidered." British Journal for Military History, Volume 2, Issue 3, July 2016, pp.101-117.

Donker, Paul. "The Evolution of Clausewitz's Vom Kriege: a reconstruction on the basis of the earlier versions of his masterpiece," trans. Paul Donker and Christopher Bassford. ClausewitzStudies.org, August 2019. This is a translation of Paul Donker, "Die Entwicklung von Clausewitz' Vom Kriege: Eine Rekonstruktion auf der Grundlage der früheren Fassungen seines Meisterwerks," in The Clausewitz-Gesellschaft's Jahrbucher 2017, 14-39. (Also see PDF version.) The English version reflects some additional research and some new discoveries made since 2017.

Donnelly, C.N. Heirs of Clausewitz: Change and Continuity in the Soviet War Machine. Hyperion Books, series Occasional Papers, Book 16, 1985. ISBN: 090796771X

Douglas, William. [review of On War.] United Service Magazine, August 1873, 469-83; October 1873, 164-176.

Downing, Lieutenant Colonel [USAF] Harry L., Jr. "Von Clausewitz's Principles of War and the Air Defense of the United States." Paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air Command and Staff School of the Air University, November 1948.

Drohan, Brian [Then 1st Lt, US Army]. "Carl von Clausewitz, His Trinity, and the 1812 Russian Campaign." The Journal of Slavic Military Studies, in 2 parts: Part 1, Volume 19, Number 2, June 2006, pp. 295-341; Part 2, Volume 19, Number 3, September 2006, pp.515–542, 2006. Posted to The Clausewitz Homepage with the permission of the editors of The Journal of Slavic Military Studies.

Drohan, Thomas A. "Clausewitz for Complex Warfare." The Wright Stuff (Air University), Volume 4, Issue 5(March 5, 2009).

Duarte, E. E. and Proença, Domício Júnior. "The Concept of Logistics Derived from Clausewitz: All That Is Required So That the Fighting Force Can Be Taken As a Given." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 28, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 645–677.

Duarte, Prof. Érico. "Strategic Studies as a Science: The Clausewitzian Scientific Research Program." Journal der Politisch-Militärischen Gesellschaft Nr. 94, Dezember 2014, pp.9-12.

Dufort, Philippe [assistant professor at the School of Conflict Studies and the founding director of the School of Social Innovation at Saint Paul University, Ottawa]. "Carl von Clausewitz and the Invention of the Conservative Nation-State: Retrieving Instrumental Reflexivity in the Strategic Tradition." Journal of Military and Strategic Studies,volume 17 (2017), issue 4, pp.209-236.

Durieux, Benoît. "Clausewitz and the Two Temptations of Modern Strategic Thinking." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Durocher, Guillaume. "Hitler & Clausewitz: The Philosopher as War Cry," Part One - Part Two - Part Three - Part Four. Counter-Currents Publishing, March 7, 2017. [Counter-Currents Publishing appears to be an "Alt-Right," White Nationalist media outlet. The article itself, however, is interesting (and its ideological objectives, if any, seem cloaked).]

Duyvesteyn, Isabelle [lecturer, History of International Relations Department, Institute of History, Utrecht University], "The Concept of Conventional War and Armed Conflict in Collapsed States." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Duyvesteyn, Isabelle [lecturer, History of International Relations Department, Institute of History, Utrecht University]. "The Nature of Modern War: Some Conclusions." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Duyvesteyn, Isabelle. Clausewitz and African War: Politics and Strategy in Liberia and Somalia. London: Frank Cass, 2005.2005. ISBN 0-714-65724-7. Concludes that such wars, despite the preconceptions of the "new wars" scholars, do in fact have overriding political rationales, which "revalidates Carl von Clausewitz's nineteenth-century understanding of war."

E

Earle, Edward Mead, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to Hitler. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1944.

Eccles, Henry E. [Admiral, USN]. Military Concepts and Philosophy. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers, 1965.

Echevarria, Antulio Joseph, II [Major USA]. "Neo-Clausewitzianism: Freytag-Loringhoven and the Militarization of Clausewitz in German Military Literature Before the First World War." Doctoral dissertation, Princeton University, 1994.

Echevarria, Antulio J. "Clausewitz: Toward a Theory of Applied Strategy." Defense Analysis, Vol 11, No. 3, (1995): 229-240.

Echevarria, Antulio J. "War, Politics, and RMA—The Legacy of Clausewitz." Joint Forces Quarterly (Winter 1995-96): 76-82.

Echevarria, Antulio J. "Borrowing from the Master: Uses of Clausewitz in German Military Literature before the Great War." War in History, 3 (July 1996): 274-92.

Echevarria, Antulio J. "A Wake for Clausewitz? Not Yet!" Special Warfare, Vol 9, No. 3 (August 1996): 30-35. [A response to Metz, q.v.]

Echevarria, Antulio J., II. After Clausewitz: German Military Thinkers before the Great War. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, December 2000. ISBN 0700610715.

Echevarria, Antulio J., II. Clausewitz's Center of Gravity: Changing Our Warfighting Doctrine - Again! Strategic Studies Institute, September 2002. [If the primary URL is unavailable, click HERE for backup copy.]

Echevarria, Antulio J., II. "Clausewitz's Center of Gravity: It's Not What We Thought." Naval War College Review, Vol. 56: No. 1 , Article 6(Winter 2003), pp.108-123. Also on-line here.

Echevarria, Antulio J., II, "Clausewitz and the Nature of the War on Terror." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Echevarria, Antulio J., II, and Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Clausewitz in the Twenty First-Century: Primacy of policy and a new containment." World Security Network, 27 DEC 2007.

Echevarria, Antulio J. Clausewitz and Contemporary War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. ISBN: 0199231915. Reviewed: Moran, Daniel. Journal of Military History, April 2008, Vol. 72 Issue 2, pp.627-628.

Echevarria, Antulio J., II. "On the Clausewitz of the Cold War: Reconsidering the Primacy of Policy in On War." Armed Forces & Society, October 2007 vol.34 no.1, pp.90-108.

Echevarria, Antulio J. "Reconsidering War's Logic and Grammar. Infinity Journal, Spring 2011.

Echevarria II, Antulio J., "Clausewitz's Center of Gravity Legacy," Infinity Journal Special Edition, "Clausewitz and Contemporary Conflict," February 2012, pp.4-7. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Echevarria, Antulio J. II. "When the Clausewitzian Trinity is Not Paradoxical," Infinity Journal, Volume 6, Issue 4, summer 2019, pages 19-22.

Editors of Military Affairs, with an Introduction by T. Harry Williams. Military Analysis of the Civil War: An Anthology. Millwood, NY: KTO Press, 1977.

Echevarria, Antulio J. [COL, USA (ret.); Professor at the US Army War College and former Elihu Root Chair of Military Studies]. “Clausewitz’s Supreme Question: Reconsidering his Legacy,” Military Strategy Magazine, Special Edition, “The Continuing Relevance of Clausewitz,” December 2020, pages 4-7.

"In this essay, Antulio J. Echevarria II makes a case for including Clausewitz’s “supreme question” as an integral part of the Prussian’s legacy. The supreme question has not received as much attention as it deserves from scholars, who tend to stress the Prussian’s dictum regarding the primacy of policy; yet it reflects Clausewitz’s overarching emphases on critical inquiry and the importance of analyzing all three of war’s essential elements before entering a conflict."

Edmonds, Colonel J.E. "Clausewitz and the Downfall of Prussia in 1806." The Army Review, April 1914. pp.403-416.

[Edmonds, J.E.]. Book review of J.F.C. Fuller's Generalship, Its Diseases and Their Cure (1926). The Army, Navy and Air Force Gazette, 1 June 1933. Edmonds Papers (Liddell Hart Centre), V/4/1/13.

[Edmonds, J.E. (?)]. "Clausewitz on the Defeat of Jena-Auerstadt." The Army Quarterly, October 1941, 109-121.

Edmonds, Brigadier General Sir J.E. "Jomini and Clausewitz." Canadian Army Journal, v.V, no.2 (May 1951), 64-69.

[Egerton, Francis.] Review of Marschall Vorwarts (a life of Blucher). The Quarterly Review (UK), v.LXX, no.CXL, June-September 1842, p446-85.

[Egerton, Francis, first Lord Ellesmere (1800-57).] Review essay "Marmont, Siborne, and Alison." Quarterly Review, v.LXXVI (June and September 1845), 204-247.

Egerton, Francis, ed. Alice, Countess of Strafford. Personal Reminiscences of the Duke of Wellington by Francis, the First Earl of Ellesmere. London: John Murray, 1904.

Elkus, Adam. "Do Ideas Matter?: A Clausewitzian Case Study." Small Wars Journal, 2009.

Elkus, Adam, "The Policy-Strategy Distinction: Clausewitz and The Chimera of Modern Strategic Thought," Infinity Journal Special Edition, "Clausewitz and Contemporary Conflict," February 2012, pp.24-27. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Elting, John. "Jomini: Disciple of Napoleon?" Military Affairs, Spring 1964, 17-26.

Elting, John R. (Col). The Superstrategists: Great Captains, Theorists, and Fighting Men Who Have Shaped the History of Warfare. New York, Scribner's Sons, 1985 [esp. pp.161-176].

Emeklier, Bilgehan, and Nihal Emeklier. "Emotions in War: The Emotionality-Rationality Equation in Clausewitz’s Theory of War." In Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor). Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher." Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.45–64. Abstract: Clausewitz introduced an inclusive equation between emotionality and rationality with regards to the debates on the causality and practice of war in modern strategic thought. In Clausewitz’s theory of war, war is a process of governmentality composed by three types of actors: states directing war (leaders and decision-makers), armies executing war (combatants), and people supporting war financially and morally (societies). In this trinitarian scheme, war is a continuous, mutually constitutive interactional process with emotional and rational components both between conflicting parties, and within each side. The aim of this article is to discuss how Clausewitz integrated the emotion-reason equation in his theory of war, to explain through an actor-level analysis how emotions affect, change, and transform war, and lastly to discuss the mutual constitutive relationship between wars and emotions in the contemporary global durable disorder.

Engberg-Pedersen, Anders [Associate Professor of Comparative Literature in the Department for the Study of Culture at the University of Southern Denmark]. Empire of Chance: The Napoleonic Wars and the Disorder of Things. Harvard University Press, 2015. 336 pages. ISBNs 067496764X, 978-0674967649. Reviewed: Philip W. Blood, British Journal for Military History, Volume 3, Issue I, November 20I6.

See also: Kornberger, Martin, and Anders Engberg-Pedersen. “Reading Clausewitz, Reimagining the Practice of Strategy.” Strategic Organization 19, no. 2 (2019): 338–50. doi:10.1177/1476127019854963.

Esposito, V.J. "War as a Continuation of Politics." Military Review 34, no.11 (February 1955), 54-62.

Etzold, T.H. "Clausewitzian Lessons for Modern Strategists." Air University Review, May-June 1980. 24-28.

Etzold, Thomas H. "Reasons of State vs. Passions of War: Clausewitzian Lessons for Modern Strategists." Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, IX (1) (1980), p.149.

F

Falls, Cyril. The Nature of Modern Warfare. New York: Oxford University Press, 1941.

Falls, Cyril. Ordeal by Battle. London: Methuen, 1943.

Falls, Cyril. The Place of War in History: An Inaugural Lecture. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1947.

Falls, Cyril. The Art of War: From the Age of Napoleon to the Present Day. New York: Oxford University Press, 1961.

Farago, Ladislas, ed. The Axis Grand Strategy: Blueprints for Total War. New York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1942. [Copyrighted by the "Committee for National Morale."]

Fenenko, Dr. Alexei. "War of the Future—How Do We See It?" Russian International Affairs Council, 6 May 2016. See Russian original, "Какой будет война будущего?" The English version contains a very interesting misrepresentation of Clausewitz's categories of war, specifically an alleged category of "total war" aimed at the political extinction of the opposing power. Clausewitz does describe such wars, which certainly exist in reality, but they do not constitute the dialectic complement to "limited war" (also not a correct reflection of Clausewitz's terminology) and Clausewitz did not use the term "total war." This misrepresentation in English may not reflect the Russian version.

Ferris, John, and Michael I. Handel. "Clausewitz, intelligence, uncertainty and the art of command in military operations." Intelligence and National Security , Volume 10, Issue 1, 1995, pp.1-58. DOI:10.1080/02684529508432286

Fisher, Lieutenant T., R.N. "The Command of the Sea: What Is It?" The Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, v.LIII, n.377 (July 1909), 847-864.

Fitz Gerald, Caitlin. The Children's Illustrated Clausewitz, Volume I. London/Perth/Nairobi/Oaxaca: Helios House Press, 2021. ISBN: 978-1-911683-00-1. Reviews: Spencer Ackerman, "The Bible of Western War, Now Featuring Cartoon Animals," Wired, 18 July 2011; Military History Quarterly review. This is an illustrated children's version of Clausewitz's On War (the first three books). Fitz Gerald has an MA in Political Science and the content is pretty credible. The project has been around since at least 2011 but has now been funded by a KickStarter campaign. An older on-line version of Book 1 is here.

Fleming, Bruce. "Can Reading Clausewitz Save Us from Future Mistakes?" Parameters, Spring 2004. pp. 62-76. [See responses: Craig Henry, "Confusion? Or Willful Misreading?"; See also the responses to Fleming's article in Parameters, Summer 2004, by Lieutenant Colonel Antulio J. Echevarria II, Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College; Dr. C. Bassford, National War College (and ed., The Clausewitz Homepage—a longer version of this response is "Musings on Bruce Fleming); and Michael David Rohr, Professor Emeritus, Department of Philosophy, Rutgers University; and Fleming's reply. A final note by C. Bassford is here.]

Fleming, Colin M. "New or Old Wars? Debating a Clausewitzian Future." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 32, Issue 2, 2009, pp.213–241.

Fleming, Colin M. [U. Edinburgh, UK], Clausewitz's Timeless Trinity: A Framework for Modern War. Ashgate (Military Strategy and Operational Art), 2013. ISBN-13: 978-1409442875.

Ford, Daniel. When Sun-tzu met Clausewitz: the OODA Loop and the invasion of Iraq. Warbird Books, 2009. (Kindle) Written as a master's thesis in War Studies, Kings College London. Ford has written a number of interesting books and a famous movie script, but this book is actually about John Boyd and betrays no meaningful knowledge of Clausewitz.

Foste, Steven L. "Leadership in an Ambiguous World: Why Future Leaders Must Be Trained and Educated to Embrace Uncertainty." Blog entry, TheStrategyBridge, April 5, 2016.

Frankland, Noble. "Philosophies of War." Books and Bookmen, December 1977, 38-39.

Franklin, William D. "Clausewitz on Limited War." Military Review, 1967, 47(6), 23-29.

Franz, Wallace P. "Two Letters on Strategy: Clausewitz' Contributions to the Operational Level of War." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 171–194; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 171-196.

Freedman, Lawrence. Chapter VI, "The Legacy of Clausewitz." Strategic Defence in the Nuclear Age. Adelphi Papers 224 (IISS), Autumn 1987, pp.39-44.

Freedman, Lawrence. Chapter 6 (pp.82-95), "Clausewitz." This is far from the only mention of Clausewitz in Freedman's Strategy: A History. Oxford University Press, 2013.

Freudenberg, G.F. "A Conversation with General Clausewitz." Military Review, October 1977, 68-71.

Friedberg, Aaron L. "A History of the U.S. Strategic `Doctrine,' 1945-1980." Journal of Strategic Studies, December 1980, 37-71.

Friedrich, Carl J. "War as a Problem of Government." Robert Ginsberg, ed. The Critique of War: Contemporary Philosophical Explorations. Chicago: Regnery, 1969.

Friedman, Brett [Captain, USMC]. "Creeping Death: Clausewitz and Comprehensive Counterinsurgency." Military Review, January-February 2014, pp.82-89.

Fritz, Nicholas H. Jr. [Colonel, USAF]. "Clausewitz and U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy." Air University Review, November-December 1982, 18-28.

Frühling, Stephan. "Uncertainty, Forecasting and the Difficulty of Strategy." Comparative Strategy, 25(1), 2006, 19-31.

Fuller, J.F.C. The Reformation of War. London: Hutchinson and Company, 1923.

Fuller, J.F.C. The Foundations of the Science of War. London: Hutchinson and Company, 1926.

Fuller, J.F.C. Generalship, Its Diseases and Their Cure: A Study of the Personal Factor in Command. London: J. Murray, 1926.

Fuller, J.F.C. On Future Warfare. London: Sifton, Praed and Company, 1928.

Fuller, J.F.C. The Generalship of U.S. Grant. London: J. Murray, 1929.

Fuller, J.F.C. The Dragon's Teeth: A Study of War and Peace. London: Constable and Company, 1932.

Fuller, J.F.C. War and Western Civilization, 1832-1932: A Study of War as a Political Instrument and the Expression of Mass Democracy. London: Duckworth, 1932.

Fuller, J.F.C. Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1933; reprinted Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1957.

Fuller, J.F.C. Memoirs of an Unconventional Soldier. London: I. Nicholson and Watson, 1936.

Fuller, J.F.C. Machine Warfare: An Inquiry into the Influence of Mechanics on the Art of War. Washington, D.C.: The Infantry Journal, 1943.

Fuller, J.F.C. Armament and History. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1945.

Fuller, J.F.C. The Second World War, 1939-45: A Strategical and Tactical History. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1949. Reviewed in Hoffman Nickerson, "The Folly of Strategic Bombing," Ordnance, January-February 1949, 245-247.

Fuller, J.F.C. The Conduct of War, 1789-1961: A Study of the French, Industrial, and Russian Revolutions on War and Its Conduct. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1961.

Furlong, Raymond B. [Lieutenant General, USAF]. "Strategymaking for the 1980's." Parameters, March 1979, 9-16; reprinted, Department of Military Employment. [Instructional Circular] Phase 1: Military Strategy. Maxwell AFB: Air University, AY 1983-84, 11-18.

Furlong, Raymond B. [Lieutenant General, USAF, ret.]. "On War, Political Objectives, and Military Strategy." Parameters, December 1983. 2-10.

Furlong, Raymond B. [Lieutenant General, USAF]. "The Validity of Clausewitz's Judgments for the Sphere of Air and Space War." Ulrich de Maiziere, ed. Freiheit ohne Krieg: Beitrage zur Strategie-Diskussion der Gegenwart im Spiegel der Theorie von Carl von Clausewitz. Bonn: Ferdinand Dümmlers Verlag, 1980. 221-228.

G

Gabriel, Jurg Martin. "Clausewitz Revisited: A Study of His Writings and of the Debate Over Their Relevance to Deterrence Theory. Ph.D. Dissertation. The American University, 1971.

Gaddis, John Lewis. Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.

Gaddis, John L. "War, Peace, and Everything: Thoughts on Tolstoy." Cliodynamics 2, pp.40–51. Abstract: What Clausewitz and Tolstoy were trying to do was to derive from the experiences of history the laws governing it. Although they failed, these 19th-century thinkers, each operating from a different perspective, anticipated what we’ve come to call chaos and complexity theory.

Gallie, W. B. Philosophers of Peace and War: Kant, Clausewitz, Marx, Engels and Tolstoy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.

Gallie, W.B. "Clausewitz Today." European Journal of Sociology, v.XIX (1978), 143-167. This is a very interesting and influential review essay on the Howard/Paret translation of On War; Peter Paret’s Clausewitz and the State (Oxford University Press, 1976); and Raymond Aron’s Penser la guerre (Paris: Gallimard, 1976).

Galloway, Lieutenant Colonel [USA] Archie. "FM 100-5: Who Influenced Whom?" Military Review, March, 1986, 46-51.

Garard, Olivia. "Down the Rabbit Hole: Alice and the Experience of Clausewitzian Genius." The Strategy Bridge, 4 FEB 2016.

Garard, Olivia. “Uniqueness as Flexibility: Refining Strategic Narrative.” The Strategy Bridge, March 17, 2016.

Garard, Olivia. "The Threatening Space Between Napoleon and Nukes: Clausewitz vs. Schelling." RealClear Defense, August 24, 2016.

Garard, Olivia. "Reestablishing the Relationship Between Tactics and Politics." The War Room [USAWC], August 20, 2020.

Garard, Olivia A. An Annotated Guide to Carl von Clausewitz’s Theory of the Combat. Marine Corps University Press, Quantico, Virginia, 2021. LCCN 2021011565 | ISBN: 9781732003132. (PDF) (Kindle). Review: Clausewitzian Deep Tracks: #Reviewing “Guide to Tactics, or the Theory of the Combat,” The Strategy Bridge, 3 MAR 2020. This is a review of “Guide to Tactics, or the Theory of the Combat” [AKA "Leitfaden zur Bearbeitung der Taktik der Gefechtslehre," an appendix to Vom Kriege], Carl von Clausewitz. trans. Colonel J. J. Graham. On War [original publication date 1873]. New York, NY: Barnes and Noble Inc., 2004.

Garard, Olivia A. "Accounting for Alliances in Clausewitz’s Theory of War." In Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor), Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher," Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.92–109. Abstract: "Allies and alliances are deeply embedded in Clausewitz’s theory of war. Allies are a live and reactive means that may shift throughout a war. Alliances, often responsive to the balance of power, harness allies as a dynamic means. Both problematize Clausewitz’s initial, dual conception of war; they embody uncertainty and inject Politik. To account for allies and alliances entails reevaluating three fundamental Clausewitzian premises: that the defense is the stronger form of war; that the status quo has inertia; and that war has duration. Ultimately, any comprehensive view of Clausewitz’s theory of war demands the inclusion of allies and alliances."

Garard, Olivia."Some Clausewitzian Thoughts on the Ukrainian Defense." Modern War Institute [USMA, West Point], 25 APRIL 2022. Urban Warfare Project commentary: "Much of the analysis on the Russian invasion of Ukraine has focused on the Russians. Why did analysts overestimate the strength of the Russian forces? Why is the Russian military performing so poorly? Why did Vladimir Putin miscalculate? The list goes on. This article seeks to answer none of these questions. Instead, it sets out to reorient focus onto the Ukrainians. In doing so, it reveals a fundamental reason why they have been successful so far: because they have been fighting on defense."

Garard, Olivia, ed./trans, Clausewitz, Carl von, “On Art and the Theory of Art,Classics of Diplomacy, September 28, 2023.
CSD Editor’s Note: “Über Kunst und Kunsttheorie” is an Artikel or essay by Carl von Clausewitz, written at some point after a trip to Paris [as a privileged POW] in 1807. In her Introduction, Olivia Garard provides context, interpretation, and insight into Clausewitz’s thinking about art, and the connections between those thoughts and his famous teachings in On War. The essay ... is an original translation by Garard, marking the first time to our knowledge that it has appeared in the English language.

Garard, Olivia. "Clausewitz’s 'Artikel' on Art: An Introduction," Classics of Strategy and Diplomacy, September 30, 2023.

Gardner, Nikolas G. [Professor, Air War College, Maxwell AFB, AL]. "Resurrecting the 'Icon': The Enduring Relevance of Clausewitz’s On War," Strategic Studies Quarterly, Spring 2009, pp.119-133. This is a very capable response to Phillip Meilinger's "Busting the Icon: Restoring Balance to the Influence of Clausewitz," Strategic Studies Quarterly (Fall, 2007), pp.116-145.

Gardner, Stephen [University of Tulsa]. "René Girard's Apocalyptic Critique of Historical Reason: Limiting Politics to Make Way for Faith." Contagion: Journal of Violence, Mimesis, and Culture 18(1) January 2011, pp.1-22. DOI:10.1353/ctn.2011.0004. Contagion is the official journal of the Colloquium on Violence and Religion, and international association of scholars who draw inspiration from René Girard's mimetic hypothesis on the relationship between violence and religion the genesis and maintenance of culture.

Garrity, Patrick J. "Are We All Clausewitzians Now? Reflections on the Work of John Keegan." (Evidently from Claremont Review of Books, 2012). Posted to ClassicsOfStrategy.com April 28, 2015. Written as a tribute following historian John Keegan's death, this is a generous and rather gentle reproof of his anti-Clausewitzian stance.

Gat, Azar. "Clausewitz on Defence and Attack." Journal of Strategic Studies, v.11, no.8 (March 1988), 20-26. 

Gat, Azar. The Origins of Military Thought: From the Enlightenment to Clausewitz. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. ISBN 0198202571. The discussion on pp.213-14 created lasting turmoil amongst Clausewitz scholars with a challenge, based on inference and a much-debated interpretation of Clausewitz's personal evolution, to the traditional dating of Clausewitz's later writings (including key sections of On War).

Gat, Azar. A History of Military Thought: From the Enlightenment to the Cold War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. ISBN 0199247625

Gat, Azar. "Clausewitz's Final Notes." Militargeschichtliche Mitteilungen, v.1 (1989), 45-50.

Gat, Azar. "Clausewitz's Political and Ethical World View." Political Studies, v.37 (1989), 97-106.

Gat, Azar. "Clausewitz and the Marxists: Yet Another Look." Journal of Contemporary History, v.27 (1992), 363-382. Preview

Gat, Azar. The Development of Military Thought: The Nineteenth Century. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1992. ISBN 0198202466

Gat, Azar. "Carl von Clausewitz: Prussian General," alternative title "Carl Philipp Gottlieb von Clausewitz." Encyclopaedia Britannica On-Line, written c.1998 and last revised by Gat in 2011. Gat emphasizes almost exclusively Clausewitz's alleged obsession with "total war" (a term Clausewitz never used) while also briefly mentioning his ideas about "limited war" (another term Clausewitz never used). Referring to Clausewitz's use of the term Staatspolitik in the note of 1827 (the only appearance of that word in all of Vom Kriege) as "state policy" rather than as "politics among states," he argues that Clausewitz got his ideas about war's relationship to politics very suddenly in 1827—evidently because he mentioned it in a note dated 1827. Altogether, this is a stunningly crude portrayal of Clausewitz's evolution and thinking.

General Service Schools [Colonel Conrad H. Lanza, FA, compiler]. List of Books on Military History and Related Subjects. Fort Leavenworth: The General Service Schools Press, 1923. Combined Arms Research Library, Fort Leavenworth, Special Collections 016.3550 09 L297L 1923.

General Staff (British army). Report on a Conference of General Staff Officers at the Staff College, 7-10 January, 1908. Haig Papers, National Library of Scotland, MS ACC 3155, No.81.

Gianakis, J. A.. (2002). "Planning for Strategic Planning: What's Next? [Review essay on Strategic Thinking for the Next Economy; Company Analysis: Determining Strategic Capability; Clausewitz on Strategy: Inspiration and Insight from a Master Strategist]. Public Performance & Management Review, 25(4), 435–439. http://doi.org/10.2307/3381138

Gibbs, Norman. "War," "Part A: The Western Theory of War." Ed. C.D. Kernig. Marxism, Communism and Western Society: A Comparative Encyclopedia. New York: Herder and Herder, 1972-1973.

Gibbs, N.H. "Clausewitz on the Moral Forces in War." Naval War College Review, January-February 1975, 15-22.

Giddings, Colonel [USA] R.L., Jr. "On Understanding War." United States Naval Institute Proceedings, v.94, no.7 (July 1968), 27-37

Gilbert, Felix. "From Clausewitz to Delbrück and Hintze: Achievements and Failures of Military History." Journal of Strategic Studies, v.3, no.3 (1980), 11-20. 

Girard, René. Battling to the End: Conversations with Benoit Chantre. Trans. Mary Baker. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2010. [Original title: Achever Clausewitz, Paris: Carnets Nord, 2007.] Girard (b.1923) is a French anthropological philosopher and literary critic who is incorporating an interpretation of Clausewitz into his own conceptual schemes. This is a serious exploration of the philosophical implications of Clausewitz's work but will appear bizarre to many in the 'strategic studies' arena.

Glenn, Major [USA] Russell W. "The Clausewitz Posthumous Analysis of the Gulf War." British Army Review, no.100 (April 1992), 21-23; Australian Defence Force Journal, no.93 (March/April 1992), 7-9.

Glucksmann, André, "Politics and War in the Thoughts of Mao Tse-tung," New Left Review 1/49 (May/June 1968).

Goh Teck Seng [LTC, Singapore Armed Forces], "Clausewitz and His Impact on Strategy." Pointer: Journal of the Singapore Armed Forces, Vol.25 No.1 (Jan - Mar 1999).

Gooch, John. "Clio and Mars: The Use and Abuse of History." Journal of Strategic Studies, v.3, no.3 (1980), 21-36.

Gooch, John. "Clausewitz Disregarded: Italian Military Thought and Doctrine, 1815–1943." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 303–324; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 303-324. 

Gow, James. "The New Clausewitz? War, Force, Art and Utility - Rupert Smith on 21st Century Strategy, Operations and Tactics in a Comprehensive Context". Journal of Strategic Studies, v.29, no.6 (December 2006), 1151-70.

Gray, Colin. "Clausewitz Rules, OK? The Future is the Past—with GPS." In Michael Cox, Ken Booth, and Tim Dunne, eds., Interregnum: Controversies in World Politics, 1989-1999. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999,161-182. Hardcover ISBN 0198280300. Softcover ISBN 0198782519.

Gray, Colin S. Defining and Achieving Decisive Victory. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, April 2002.

Gray, Colin S. "Clausewitz, History, and the Future Strategic World," prepared for the Strategic and Combat Studies Institute Conference " "Past Futures," Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst, 3-4 July, 2003 and Marine Corps Command and Staff College, Quantico, VA, USA, 9-10 September, 2003. Strategic and Combat Studies Institute Occasional Paper No 47.

Griffin, Christopher. "From Limited War to Limited Victory: Clausewitz and Allied Strategy in Afghanistan." Contemporary Security Policy Vol. 35 (2014), Issue 3.

Gruner, Glenn A. Clausewitz at Mach II: Has Classical Military Theory Kept Pace with Technology? Paper, Fort Leavenworth, US Army Command and General Staff College, 1993.

Guerra, Joseph M. "An Introduction to Clausewitzian Strategic Theory: General Theory, Strategy, and their Relevance for Today." Infinity Journal, no.65, VOL.2, ISS.3.

Guha, Manabrata [Assistant Professor (ISSSP) at the National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, India]. Reimagining War in the 21st Century: From Clausewitz to Network-Centric Warfare. Oxon, UK: Routledge, 2010; series Critical Security Studies. From the book announcement: "This book interrogates the philosophical backdrop of Clausewitzian notions of war, and asks whether modern, network-centric militaries can still be said to serve the 'political.' In light of the emerging theories and doctrines of Network-Centric War (NCW), this book traces the philosophical backdrop against which the more common theorizations of war and its conduct take place. Tracing the historical and philosophical roots of modern war from the 17th Century through to the present day, this book reveals that far from paralyzing the project of re-problematizing war, the emergence of NCW affords us an opportunity to rethink war in new and philosophically challenging ways."

H

Hahlweg, Werner. "Clausewitz, Lenin and Communist Military Attitudes Today." Journal of the United Service Institutes, v.CV, no.618 (May 1960), 221-225.

Hahlweg, Werner. "Clausewitz and Guerrilla Warfare." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 127–133; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 127-133.

Hakansson, Kersti [research assistant in military history, Swedish National Defence College]. "New Wars, Old Warfare? Comparing US Tactics in Afghanistan and Vietnam." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Hammes, T.X. [Colonel, USMC]. "War Isn't a Rational Business." Naval Institute Proceedings (July 1998). Re-posted by Small Wars Journal.

Handel, Michael I., ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. Hardcover ISBN 0714632945. Softcover ISBN 0714640530. Proceedings of an international conference, "On Clausewitz," held at the U.S. Army War College, at Carlisle Barracks, PA, in April 1985. Most of the chapters also appeared in Journal of Strategic Studies and are listed separately as articles. These links are 

Contents:

Handel, Michael I. "Preface."

Franz, Wallace P. "Two Letters on Strategy: Clausewitz' Contributions to the Operational Level of War."

Gooch, John. "Clausewitz Disregarded: Italian Military Thought and Doctrine, 1815–1943."

Hahlweg, Werner. "Clausewitz and Guerrilla Warfare."

Handel, Michael I. "Clausewitz in the Age of Technology."

Herbig, Katherine L. "Chance and Uncertainty in On War."

Kahn, David. "Clausewitz and Intelligence."

Luvaas, Jay. "Student as Teacher: Clausewitz on Frederick the Great and Napoleon."

Luvaas, Jay. "Clausewitz, Fuller and Liddell Hart."

Müller, Klaus-Jürgen. "Clausewitz, Ludendorff and Beck: Some Remarks on Clausewitz's’ Influence on German Military Thinking in the 1930s and 1940s."

Murray, Williamson. "Clausewitz: Some Thoughts on What the Germans Got Right."

Nelson, Harold [Colonel, USA]. "Space and Time in On War."

Porch, Douglas. "Clausewitz and the French, 1871–1914."

Van Creveld, Martin. "The Eternal Clausewitz."

Wallach, Jehuda L. "Misperceptions of Clausewitz’s On War by the German Military."

Handel, Michael I. "Clausewitz in the Age of Technology." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 51–92; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 51-92. 

Handel, Michael I. Sun Tzu and Clausewitz: The Art of War and On War Compared. Carlisle Barracks, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 1991.

Handel, Michael I. Masters of War: Sun Tzu, Clausewitz and Jomini. London: Frank Cass, 1992.

Handel, Michael I., and Ferris, John. "Clausewitz, intelligence, uncertainty and the art of command in military operations." Intelligence and National Security , Volume 10, Issue 1, 1995, pp.1-58. DOI:10.1080/02684529508432286

Handel, Michael I. Masters of War: Classical Strategic Thought. 2nd ed. Portland, OR, Frank Cass, 1996.

Handel, Michael I. "Corbett, Clausewitz, and Sun Tzu." Naval War College Review 53 issue 4 (Autumn 2000), pp.106-124.

Handel, Michael I. Masters of War: Classical Strategic Thought. 3rd ed. Portland, OR, Frank Cass, 2001. ISBN 0714681326.

Handel, Michael, & Ferris, J. "Clausewitz, Intelligence, Uncertainty and the Art of Command in Military Operations." Intelligence and National Security, January 1995, pp.1-58.

Hanska, Jan [Major]. Times of War and War Over Time: The roles time and timing play in operational art and its development according to the texts of renowned theorists and practitioners. Academic [Ph.D.] dissertation. Santahamina, Helsinki: National Defence University, 21 April 2017; Series 1: Research Publications No. 12. See description in Finnish: https://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/134193

Harned, Glenn M. "Principles for Modern Doctrine from Two Venerated Theorists." Army, April 1986, 10-14.

Harsh, Joseph L. "Battlesword and Rapier: Clausewitz, Jomini, and the American Civil War." Military Affairs, December 1974, 133-138

Hartmann, Uwe. "Clausewitz and the Theory of Military Strategy in Europe: Reflections Upon a Paradigm of Military Strategy Within the European Common Security and Defense Policy (ESDP)." Masters Thesis, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. June 2001. Thesis Advisor: Donald Abenheim; Co-Advisor: Daniel Moran.

Hartmann, Colonel Dr. Uwe, and Lieutenant Colonel (ret.) Prof. Dr. Freiherr Claus von Rosen. "The Reception of Clausewitz in Germany," pp.123-150 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Hartmann, Uwe. Carl von Clausewitz and the Making of Modern Strategy. Potsdam: Miles Verlag, 2002. ISBN-10: 3831133875 ISBN-13: 978-3831133871.

Hattaway, Herman, and Archer Jones. How the North Won: A Military History of the Civil War. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983.

Hattendorf, John B. "Sir Julian Corbett on the Significance of Naval History." The American Neptune, v.XXXI, no.4, 1971.

Hattendorf, John B., ed. "Maritime Strategy and the Balance of Power." Unpublished paper presented at the 1989 Williams College - Mystic Seaport Symposium on "The Atlantic Maritime World."

Hattendorf, John B. "Alfred Thayer Mahan and his Strategic Thought." John B. Hattendorf and Robert S. Jordan, eds. Maritime Strategy and the Balance of Power. London: Macmillan, 1989.

Hattendorf, John B. "The Study of War History at Oxford, 1862-1990." Unpublished manuscript [to be published as part of John B. Hattendorf and Malcolm H. Murfett, eds., The Limitations of Military Power (Macmillan)].

Hawkins, William R. "The Man Who Invented Limited War." [Discusses Corbett.] Military History Quarterly, v.4, no.1 (Autumn 1991), 105-111.

Headquarters, Department of the Army. FM 100-5 Operations. Washington, D.C., 1982.

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Headquarters, United States Marine Corps. FMFM 1: Warfighting. Washington, D.C.: 1989.

Headquarters, United States Marine Corps. Marine Corps Doctrinal Publication (MCDP) 1: Warfighting; MCDP 1-1: Strategy; and MCDP 1-2: Campaigning. Washington DC: 1997.

Hearnshaw, F.J.C. Germany the Aggressor throughout the Ages. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1942.

Hehir, Bryan [Counselor, Catholic Relief Services, and Professor, Harvard Divinity School]. "The Uses of Force in the Post-Cold War World," a presentation delivered on June 3, 1996, at a conference at the Woodrow Wilson Center. Excerpt: "[T]here were two people who taught the Western world to think about politics, strategy, and ethics. They were a strange combination—a 19th century Prussian general and a 5th century African saint. It was Clausewitz and Augustine that helped us to relate politics, strategy, and ethics." This is a presentation delivered on June 3, 1996, at a conference at the Woodrow Wilson Center.

Henderson, G.F.R. The Battle of Spicheren. London: Gale and Polden, 1891.

Henderson, G.F.R. "Lessons from the Past for the Present." Lecture to the Royal United Service Institution, 1894. Reprinted: Department of Military Strategy, Planning and Operations. Old Look—New Subject: The Operational Level of War. Carlisle: U.S. Army War College, April 1986.

Henderson, G.F.R. "Strategy and Its Teaching." Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, v.XLII, no.245, July 1898, 761-786.

Henderson, G.F.R. "The War in South Africa." Quarterly Review, January 1900.

Henderson, G.F.R. The Science of War. London: Longmans, Greene, and Company, 1905.

Henry, Peter A. "Clausewitz and the Campaign of 1812 in Russia." Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, XIX (1989), pp.298-307.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Primacy of Politics or Culture in a Modern World? Clausewitz needs a sophisticated interpretation." Defense Analysis, Volume 2, August 2001.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. Clausewitz's Puzzle: The Political Theory of War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. ISBN 0199202699. Reviewed by Bill Bentley, Canadian Military Journal, 17 OCT 2007; Compte rendu de Bill Bentley, Revue Militaire Canadienne, 17 OCT 2007. See also Seydlitz89's extended review on Amazon's listing for this book.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Clausewitz and a New Containment: the Limitation of War and Violence." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, and Honig, Jan Willem. "War without End(s): The End of Clausewitz?" In Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory, No 15, 2007, pp. 133-150.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, and Echevarria, Antulio J., II. "Clausewitz in the Twenty First-Century: Primacy of policy and a new containment." World Security Network, 27 DEC 2007.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Clausewitz and a general theory of war," Journal of the Australian Defense Forces, No 180, Dec. 2009, pp. 53-61. This article is a shortened edition of a much longer article which will be published online in the International Journal of Conflict and Violence. See abstract.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Clausewitz’s 'Wondrous Trinity" as a Coordinate System of War and Violent Conflict." International Journal of Conflict and Violence, Vol. 3 (2) 2009, pp. 204 – 219.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, Jan Willem Honig, and Daniel Moran, eds. Clausewitz: The State and War. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2011. ISBN 978-3-515-09912-7 (Details)

Contents:

Andreas Herberg-Rothe: "Clausewitz’s Concept of the State"

Jan Willem Honig: "Clausewitz and the Politics of Early Modern Warfare"

Anders Palmgren: "Clausewitz’s Interweaving of Krieg and Politik"

Andreas Herberg-Rothe: "The State and Existential War"

Daniel Moran: "Late Clausewitz"

Murielle Cozette: "Reading Clausewitz: Raymond Aron’s Interpretation of On War"

Antulio J. Echevarria II: "The Cold War Clausewitz"

Andreas Herberg-Rothe: "Clausewitz and the Model of the Democratic Warrior"

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "The Concept of Honor in War." World Security Network (on-line), 18 January 2012. Excerpt: "It is well known that for the tribes in Afghanistan and Pakistan and in FATA the concept of honor is of greatest importance. The young Clausewitz shared this outlook, despite his markedly different social background. In order to understand the dynamics of fighting for one's honor, it is worth looking back at Clausewitz's reaction to the Prussian defeats at Jena and Auerstedt (1806) which he personally experienced as a junior infantry officer and, for a time, as a prisoner of war."

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, "Tolstoy and Clausewitz: The Dialectics of War." In Rick McPeak, and Donna Tussing Orwin (eds), Tolstoy On War: Narrative Art and Historical Truth in “War and Peace” (Ithaca, NY, 2012; online edn., Cornell Scholarship Online, 18 Aug. 2016), https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801448980.003.0011

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Clausewitz’s Concept of Strategy—Balancing Purpose, Aims and Means." Journal of Strategic Studies, published online 17 Apr 2014. DOI:10.1080/01402390.2013.853175

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Thinking with and beyond Clausewitz's Concept of Theory." Militaire Spectator Jaargang 184 Nummer 4 (2015), pp.160-172.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas [permanent lecturer at the University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany]. "Theory and Practice: the Inevitable Dialectics Thinking with and beyond Clausewitz's Concept of Theory." Militaire Spectator (Netherlands), 20 April 2015.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Clausewitz or Sun Tzu: Re-Claiming the primacy of policy." The Peninsula Foundation (India). 24 MAR 2021.

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Clausewitz and Sun Tzu–Paradigms of Warfare in the 21st Century." The Peninsula Foundation, 27 April 2023. A "reworked version" can be found in Militaire Spectator [Netherlands],13 September.2023. Deck/Drop head: "Sun Tzu seemed to have the upper hand after the Cold War, but since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 Clausewitz is coming back to the fore."

Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. " Philosophy and Methodology in Clausewitz’s Work." In Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor). Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher." Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.1–12. Abstract: In Clausewitz’s own view his work is akin to a philosophical structure of the art of war. This philosophical structure is most visible in his elaborations concerning the relation between theory and praxis—elaborations which make his work a treatise of practical philosophy. According to him, theory has to: (1) reveal the nature or essence of war; (2) reflect the difference between theory and practice; (3) provide recommendations for military action in war; (4) educate and cultivate the mind of the political and military leaders as well as that of the army; (5) follow the footsteps of Kantian critique. Last but not least, this article also offers an account of Clausewitz’s novel position regarding the dialectical thinking of its time.

Herbig, Katherine L. "Chance and Uncertainty in On War." Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 95-116.

Heuser, Beatrice. Reading Clausewitz. London: Pimlico, 2002. Reviewed by Michael Howard, The English Historical Review, vol.117, no.474, November 2002, pp1357-1358; Christopher Bassford, RUSI Journal, February 2003, vol.148, no.1, p97-99. ISBN 071266484X.

Heuser, Beatrice. "Clausewitz's Ideas of Strategy and Victory." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Heuser, Beatrice. "Introduction." In Carl von Clausewitz, ed./trans Michael Howard and Peter Paret, On War. (Abridgement, Oxford World's Classics.) Oxford University Press, 2007.

Heuser, Beatrice. "Small Wars in the Age of Clausewitz: The Watershed Between Partisan War and People’s War." The Journal of Strategic Studies, vol.33, no.1, February 2010, pp.139-162.

Heuser, Beatrice, "Ends, Ways, Means: Clausewitz and Other Prophets," Infinity Journal Special Edition, "Clausewitz and Contemporary Conflict," February 2012, pp.16-19. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.] There are lots of good ideas here, presented in a powerfully confused and confusing manner.

Heuser, Beatrice. "Who Won at Waterloo? Rûhle von Lilienstern, Jomini, Clausewitz, and the Decisive Battle," British Journal for Military History, Volume 1, Issue 3, June 2015.

Critique (by C. Bassford): This article has virtually nothing to do with Waterloo. Rather, it starts with a really interesting—indeed, perplexing and crucial—question: Why did Western military thinkers fixate on Napoleon's style of warfare as a positive model despite the overwhelmingly obvious fact that Napoleon's approach had proven disastrous for France? Regrettably, the author immediately digresses into an exploration of whether these three intelligent writers had missed that fact. Answer: They had not. In the process she gets lost in minor biographical details about the three—mostly irrelevant to her subject and often unclear, misleading, or factually wrong. It is very strange, for example, to say that "when Marie received Clausewitz's last letter in 1831, unbeknownst to her, her husband was already dead," given the well known fact that her husband died in her presence. More important is the theoretical mish-mash that leads to statements like "Ironically, Clausewitz here effectively criticized Napoleon for not having followed the politically calculating recipe of the commanders in the wars prior to the French Revolution—precisely the style of warfare in which decisive battles were so rare." This statement is in accord with the British tradition of distorting Clausewitz's arguments concerning "decisive battle," which dates to Wellington, but it hardly captures the logic in Clausewitz's critique. The very fact that Heuser finds Clausewitz's very solid policy recommendation regarding Napoleon's choices in the Waterloo campaign "ironic" tells us a lot about where the problem really lies. Heuser seems through most of the article to be suggesting, in the discredited manner of Liddell Hart, that Clausewitz was one of the systematizers of "Napoleonic warfare" who led Europe to the disasters of the early 20th century. Part of the problem is the ambiguity of the term "Napoleonic warfare." It cannot refer exclusively to warfare as waged by Napoleon himself; his opponents occasionally have to be taken into account. Clausewitz was not a proponent of the strategic approach of Napoleon but, rather, of that of his most capable opponents (e.g., Scharnhorst). He was fully aware of the disastrous course of Napoleon's policy, which, among other reasons, is why he was so strong a proponent of the strategic defense (thus implying that attempting to conquer your neighbors is not a wise idea). That position was emphatically rejected—with explicit reference to Clausewitz's arguments in at least the case of Germany—amongst virtually all of the great powers in WWI. The eventual conclusion to her discussion of Clausewitz ("only a very superficial reading of Clausewitz would suggest an unconditional prescription on the quest for a decisive battle") is entirely correct. Unfortunately, it seems to come out of nowhere. Wouldn't it be better to build the section on Clausewitz around this fundamental reality rather than wallowing, until the very last paragraph, in what she knows to be a delusion?

Higham, Robin. The Military Intellectuals in Britain, 1918-1939. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1966.

Hintze, Otto. "Germany and the World Powers." Various German Writers, trans. William Wallace Whitelock. Modern Germany in Relation to the Great War. New York: Mitchell Kennerley, 1916; originally Deutschland und der Weltkrieg, 1915, 9-55.

Hintze, Otto. "The Meaning of the War." Various German Writers, trans. William Wallace Whitelock. Modern Germany in Relation to the Great War(New York: Mitchell Kennerley, 1916, 615-624.

Hintze, Otto, ed. Felix Gilbert. The Historical Essays of Otto Hintze. New York: Oxford University Press, 1975.

Hittle, Brigadier General [USMC] J. D., ed. Jomini and his Summary of the Art of War: A Condensed Version. Harrisburg, PA: 1947; reprinted in Stackpole Books, Roots of Strategy: Book 2, 3 Military Classics. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1987.

Hobe, Colonel [Bundeswehr] Walter von. "Clausewitz." Military Review, March 1981, 56-61.

Høiback, Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Harald. "Clausewitz and Norway—Staring At a Distant Sun," pp.240-263 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Holley, I.B., Jr. General John M. Palmer, Citizen Soldiers, and the Army of a Democracy. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1982.

Holmes, James R. [co-author of Red Star over the Pacific, an Atlantic Monthly Best Foreign Affairs Book (2010); former US Navy surface warfare officer]. "Clausewitz, Sun Tzu, or Mao Zedong? Who do you consider the best military strategist?" The Diplomat, November 26, 2012.

Holmes, James R. [Professor, U.S. Naval War College]. "Everything You Know About Clausewitz Is Wrong: A botched translation of Clausewitz has had an enduring impact on our thinking on warfare." The Diplomat, November 12, 2014.

Holmes, Terence M. "Planning Versus Chaos in Clausewitz's On War," The Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 30, Issue 1, February 2007, 129-151. Posted to The Clausewitz Homepage with permission of the editors of The Journal of Strategic Studies.

Holmes, Terence M. "The Clausewitzian fallacy of absolute war." Journal of Strategic Studies 40:7 (2017), pp.1039-1058. DOI: 10.1080/01402390.2017.1307742

Holmes, Terence M. "Clausewitz’s “Strange Trinity” and the Dysfunctionality of War." In Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor). Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher." Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.13–25. Abstract: By contrast with the Holy Trinity, Clausewitz’s “strange trinity” is an unstable system, whose three “dominant tendencies” compete for mastery over the realm of war. One tendency is the subordination of war to the aims of policy, but that is constantly challenged by the other two—blind hatred and the enjoyment of adventure. The political tendency is the only one that treats war as the function of a purpose beyond war, but only intermittently does that tendency predominate, meaning that war is more often than not a dysfunctional undertaking and always a highly dubious instrument of policy.

Honig, Jan Willem. Review of Azar Gat, The Origins of Military Thought from the Enlightenment to Clausewitz, Survival Vol. 33, No. 4 (July/August 1991), pp. 383–384.

Honig, Jan Willem. "Interpreting Clausewitz," Security Studies, Vol. 3, No. 3 (Spring 1994), pp. 571–580. This is a review essay on Carl von Clausewitz, Historical and Political Writings, eds./trans Peter Paret and Daniel Moran (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992); Peter Paret, Understanding War: Essays on Clausewitz and the History of Military Power (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992); and Azar Gat, The Development of Military Thought: The Nineteenth Century (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992).

Honig, Jan Willem. "Strategy in a post-Clausewitzean (sic) Setting," in Gert de Nooy, ed., The Clausewitzian Dictum and the Future of Western Military Strategy (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1997), pp.109–21. This also appeared in a revised version as "Clausewitz and the Crisis in Contemporary Strategic Thought," in Senshi Kenkyū Nenpō (Military History Studies Annual), No.5 (March 2002), pp.76–90.

Honig, Jan Willem. "Introduction" to Carl von Clausewitz, On War (Barnes & Noble Library of Essential Reading). Barnes & Noble, 2004. ISBN-13: 9780760755976. This is a complete edition of J.J. Graham's 1873 translation, including Graham's 1873 introduction (and F.N. Maude's of 1908) and Graham's translation of the "Instruction to the Crown Prince."

Honig, Jan Willem. "Clausewitz's On War: Problems of Text and Translation." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp.57-73. ISBN 0199232024

Honig, Jan Willem. and Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "War without End(s): The End of Clausewitz?" In Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory, No 15, 2007, pp. 133-150.

Honig, Jan Willem. "Clausewitz and the Politics of Early Modern Warfare," in Andreas Herberg-Rothe, Jan Willem Honig and Daniel Moran, eds, Clausewitz, the State and War (Stuttgart and New York: Franz Steiner, 2011), pp.29–48.

Honig, Jan Willem. See also Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, Jan Willem Honig, and Daniel Moran, eds., Clausewitz: The State and War.

Hooker, Richard D., Jr. [Colonel, U.S. Army]. "Beyond Vom Kriege: The Character and Conduct of Modern War." Parameters, Vol.41 Number 4 (Winter 2011), doi:10.55540/0031-1723.2609, 4-17.

Hoskin, Keith, with Richard Macve and John Stone, The Historical Genesis of Modern Business and Military Strategy: 1850 - 1950. Paper, UMIST, LSE and The University of Wales, Aberystwyth. As submitted to Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Accounting Conference, Manchester,7-9 July,1997. http://les.man.ac.uk/ipa97/papers/hoskin73.html

Howard, Michael. "Clausewitz and His Misinterpreters." The Listener, 22 March 1956, 279-280.

Howard, Michael. "Jomini and the Classical Tradition." Michael Howard, ed. The Theory and Practice of War. New York: Praeger, 1966.

Howard, Michael, ed. The Theory and Practice of War. New York: Praeger, 1966.

Howard, Michael. "The Influence of Clausewitz." Carl von Clausewitz, eds./trans. Michael Howard and Peter Paret. On War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976, 27-44.

Howard, Michael. "The Military Philosopher." [Review of Paret, Clausewitz and the State and Aron, Penser la guerre.] Times Literary Supplement, 25 June 1976, 754-755.

Howard, Michael. "The Forgotten Dimensions of Strategy." Foreign Affairs, Summer 1979, 975-986.

Howard, Michael. Clausewitz. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983. ISBN 0192876074.

Howard, Michael. "Clausewitz: Man of the Year?" The New York Times, 28 January 1991.

Howard, Michael. Clausewitz: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. ISBN 0192802577.

Howard, Michael. "Narratives of War." Times Literary Supplement, 3 April 2013. A review of Emile Simpson, War From the Ground Up: Twenty-First-Century Combat as Politics (Oxford University Press, 2012, ISBN: 0199327882).

Hudson, LTC Walter M. Hudson [Instructor, U.S. Army Command and General Staff College]. "The Continuing Influence of Clausewitz." Military Review, March-April 2004, pp.60-62. [This is a review essay on John Keegan, Intelligence and War: Knowledge of the Enemy From Napoleon to Al-Qaeda (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2003).]

Hughes, R. Gerald and Alexandros Koutsoukis. "Clausewitz first, and last, and always: war, strategy and intelligence in the twenty-first century." Intelligence and National Security 34:3, pp.438-455. DOI: 10.1080/02684527.2018.1530867. This is a review essay on Christopher Daase and James W. Davis, eds., Clausewitz on Small War (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015), ISBN: 9780198737131, and Christopher Coker, Rebooting Clausewitz: On War in the 21st Century (London: Hurst & Company, 2017), ISBN: 9781849047142.

Hughes, Paul D. Small Wars, or Peace Enforcement According to Clausewitz (Carlisle Barracks, PA: US Army War College Strategic Studies Institute 1996). Student paper, U.S. Army War College.

Hunt, Barry D. "The Strategic Thought of Sir Julian S. Corbett." John B. Hattendorf and Robert S. Jordan, eds. Maritime Strategy and the Balance of Power. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989. 110-135.

Huntington, Samuel P. The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1957.

Huntington, Samuel P. "Patterns of Violence in World Politics." Samuel P. Huntington, ed. Changing Patterns of Military Politics. New York: The Free Press of Glencoe, 1962.

I

Ilari, Virgilio, with Luciano Bozzo and Giampiero Giacomello. "Clausewitz in Italy." [Publication unknown.] 2010. Note: Virgilio Ilari is President of the Italian Society for Military History.

Ilari, Prof. Dr. Virgilio, and Luciano Bozzo and Giampiero Giacomello, "Clausewitz and Italy," pp.174-203 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Iron, R. [Richard, British Army]. "Viewpoint—What Clausewitz (Really) Meant by 'Centre of Gravity,'" Defence Studies, 1:3 (2001), pp.109-112, DOI: 10.1080/714000041

Irvine, Dallas D. "The French Discovery of Clausewitz and Napoleon." Journal of the American Military Institute, IV, 1940, 143-161.

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James, Walter Haweis. Modern Strategy. London: Blackwood, 1903, 1904; revised 1908.

Janiczek, Rudolph M. A Concept at The Crossroads: Rethinking The Center Of Gravity. Carlisle, PA: US Army War College Strategic Studies Institute, October 2007.

Jenkinson, Cecil Cope (third Lord Liverpool). Partial translation of Carl von Clausewitz, Der Feldzug von 1815 in Frankreich (Berlin: Ferdinand Dümmlers, 1835). Unpublished, 1840. Papers of the first Duke of Wellington, University of Southampton, Folder 8/1.

Jensen, Owen E. (Major, USAF). "Classical Military Strategy and Ballistic Missile Defense." Air University Review, May-June 1984.

Jobbágy, Zoltan. "Clausewitz and the Gestalt of War." Academic & Applied Research in Military & Public Management Science (AARMS) Vol. 12 (2013), No. 1, pp.117-128.

Johnson, Daniel. "First, Read Clausewitz." Copyright Daily Telegraph Apr 17, 1999. [This op-ed piece was written by Daniel Johnson at the height of the 78-day NATO air-war against Serbia over Kosovo.]

Johnston, Robert M. Bull Run: Its Strategy and Tactics. Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1913.

Johnston, R.M. "An Approach to the Study of Napoleon's Generalship." Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1914, v.1. Washington D.C., 1916, 223-27.

[Johnston, R.M.] R.M.J. "Germany and Belgium." The Military Historian and Economist, April, 1916, 153-165.

Johnston, Robert Matteson. Clausewitz to Date. Cambridge, Mass.: The Military Historian and Economist, 1917.

[Johnston, Robert M.?] "Napoleonic Notes." The Military Historian and Economist, January, 1918, 55-64.

Johnston, R.M. "War and Peace, Limited or Unlimited?" The Nineteenth Century, July 1919, 34-39.

Johnston, R.M. First Reflections on the Campaign of 1918. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1920.

[Jomini, Antoine-Henri.] See Alger, John I. "Antoine-Henri Jomini: a bibliographical survey." Series: United States Military Academy Library occasional papers no. 3. West Point, N.Y. : United States Military Academy, 1975. (vi, 39pp.) Includes a short but useful Foreword by Peter Paret. The USMA Library assures us (17 June 2016) that this is in the public domain. See as well the Oxford Bibliographies article "Antoine-Henri Jomini," by Eman M. Vovsi, 2013 (fully available only by subscription, but the top layer is available via this link). DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780199791279-0089

[For images of Jomini, see http://clausewitzstudies.org/readings/Jomini/JominiArt/Jomini-Images.htm.]

Jomini, Baron de, trans. Major O.F. Winship and Lieut. E.E. McLean [USA]. The Art of War. New York: G.P. Putnam, 1854. Includes preface, "Notice of the Present Theory of War and of Its Utility." This preface is also available as a CSI reprint. [CSI is constantly changing its links, so try this backup copy.] Jomini is often taken as Clausewitz's "foil" because of the many insults aimed at Clausewitz in this, Jomini's most influential book, and because of Clausewitz's own criticisms of Jomini in On War. This view is mistaken, however, as Clausewitz's comments were aimed at Jomini's earlier and much different approach. See Jomini's Traité de grande tactique, ou, Relation de la guerre de sept ans, extraite de Tempelhof, commentée at comparée aux principales opérations de la dernière guerre; avec un recueil des maximes les plus important de l'art militaire, justifiées par ces différents évenéments (Paris: Giguet et Michaud, 1805). An English translation is listed/linked below. A close reading of Jomini's prefatory essay will reveal both overt sneers at Clausewitz and a great many adaptations to the arguments Clausewitz made in On War. This is a somewhat clumsy translation and a bit difficult to read, which is of course why it has been entirely superseded by the better 1862 Mendell/Craighill translation (see below). Unfortunately, the latter translation omits this revealing essay on the state of military theory as Jomini perceived it around 1838. See also Christopher Bassford, "Jomini and Clausewitz: Their Interaction," paper presented to the 24th Meeting of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe at Georgia State University, 26 February 1993, Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, XX (1992) (Tallahassee, FL: Florida State University, 1994).

Jomini, Baron de, trans. Capt. G.H. Mendell and Lieut. W.P. Craighill [USA]. The Art of War. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1862; reprinted, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1971; reprinted, with a new introduction by Charles Messenger, London: Greenhill Books, 1992. Also on-line in HTML at http://www.gutenberg.org/files/13549/13549-h/13549-h.htm.

Jomini, Antoine-Henri, trans. Col. S.B. Holabird, U.S.A. Treatise on Grand Military Operations: or A Critical and Military History of the Wars of Frederick the Great as Contrasted with the Modern System, 2 vols. New York: D. van Nostrand, 1865. Facsimile by Google Books. VOL.1 - VOL.2. See especially Vol.2, Chapter XXXV, "Exposition of the General Principles of the Art of War."

Jones, Archer. "Jomini and the Strategy of the American Civil War: A Reinterpretation." Military Affairs, XXXIV, December 1970, 127-131.

Jones, Major [USAF] Francis S. "Analysis and Comparison of the Ideas and Later Influences of Henri Jomini and Carl von Clausewitz." Paper, Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air Command and Staff College, April 1985.

Jones, Grant W. [Independent scholar]. "Education of the Supreme Commander: The Theoretical Underpinnings of Eisenhower's Strategy in Europe, 1944-45." War & Society, Vol. 30 NO.2, August, 2011, 108-33.

Jordan, Richard. "An Essay on Thomas Schellinger's Arms and Influence." ClassicsOfStrategy.com, 7 July 2015.

Juvan, Jelena and Prof. Dr. Vladimir Prebilic. "Clausewitz in a Post-Communist State: A Case Study of Slovenia," pp.264-287 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

K

Kaempf, Sebastian. "Lost through non-translation: bringing Clausewitz's writings on ‘new wars’ back in." Small Wars & Insurgencies, Volume 22, Issue 4, October 2011, pages 548-573. Abstract: "While Carl von Clausewitz has generally been respected as one of the most profound philosophers of war, his expertise has been regarded as somewhat limited if not even irrelevant to the so-called ‘new wars’ of the post-Cold War world. Many scholars in international relations have claimed that ‘new wars’ are essentially ‘post-Clausewitzian’ and ‘post-trinitarian’ in nature, meaning that they are no longer fathomable through a Clausewitzian framework. However Clausewitz's earlier writings were nearly exclusively dedicated to guerrilla warfare, or what he called ‘small wars’. These writings have been largely overlooked by many analysts of contemporary conflicts. By drawing on his rare and untranslated writings, the article uncovers a critical part of Clausewitz's expertise in asymmetric warfare and shows that, far from being irrelevant in an age where interstate warfare is increasingly being replaced by conflicts between states and semi-/non-state actors, Clausewitz's philosophical writings actually shed new light into the particular interactive dynamics generated during wars waged under conditions of asymmetry."

Kahn, David. "Clausewitz at Carlisle." Military Affairs, October 1985, 191.

Kahn, David. "Clausewitz and Intelligence." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 117–126; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 117-126. DOI:10.1080/01402398608437261

Kahn, Hermann. On Thermonuclear War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961; reprinted Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1978.

*Kaiser, David. "Back to Clausewitz." Journal of Strategic Studies, vol.32, no.4 (August 2009), pp.667-685. This is a review essay on Hew Strachan, Clausewitz’s On War, A Biography (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press), 2007; Antulio J. Echevarria II, Clausewitz and Contemporary War (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007); Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds., Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).

Kaiser, David, "Clausewitz and the First World War," Infinity Journal Special Edition, "Clausewitz and Contemporary Conflict," February 2012, pp.8-11. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Kaldor, Mary. "Inconclusive Wars: Is Clausewitz Still Relevant in these Global Times?," Global Policy 1/3 (4 OCT 2010).

Kaldor has been more influential in shaping the modern image of Clausewitz than her background or publication record would imply, largely because of her ahistorical concept of "New Wars," to which Clausewitz's ideas do not apply. For a critique of that concept, see Bart Schuurman, "Clausewitz and the 'New Wars' Scholars," Parameters 40 (1), Spring 2010, pp.89-100.

See also:

Mary Kaldor, "Purple Patch: Total Wars," The Daily Times ("A new voice for a new Pakistan"), 16 JAN 2000. This was an intelligent piece, reflecting a more nuanced understanding of Clausewitz than is reflected in Kaldor's more recent discussions.

Mary Kaldor, "Five Books," thebrowser.com, c.8 March 2010. Kaldor lists and describes her top five books about war. Not a bad selection, but we have no idea why she bothered to list Clausewitz's On War. The man sounds like an idiot.

Mary Kaldor, "Reconceptualising War," OpenDemocracy.net, 24 February 2010. Kaldor's problem appears to be that her own private Clausewitz has mutated from being a real mind with a specific set of ideas into a straw-man label for "war as some people imagine it must have been practiced in the early 20th century." The connection escapes us. One might attempt to explain Kaldor's presentation as a desperate effort to leverage the historical delusions of ignorant policymakers to manipulate them into making better policy and strategy. That way lies madness.

See also Mary Kaldor, "In Defence of New Wars," Stability: International Journal of Security and Development 2(1), p.Art. 4. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/sta.at. She argues that "new wars" are "post-Clausewitzian (sic) because new wars are not 'contests of wills' but more similar to a mutual enterprise." The same could be of course be said for, say, the wars of European kings in the late 17th and 18th centuries. Most politics involves such con jobs.

Kaspersen, Lars Bo [Copenhagen Business School]. "The ‘Warfare-Paradigm’ in Historical Sociology: Warfare as a Driving Historical Force." Distinktion: Journal of Social Theory, 3:2, 101-124, DOI: 10.1080/1600910X.2002.9672831

Keegan, John. "'Peace by Other Means?' War, popular opinion, and the politically incorrect Clausewitz." Times Literary Supplement, 11 December 1992. (See also "Letters to the Editor," 15 and 22 January 1993.)

Keegan, John. A History of Warfare. New York: Knopf, 1993. This is a hostile and remarkably uninformed treatment of Clausewitz. [For relevant reviews, see Christopher Bassford,  "John Keegan and the Grand Tradition of Trashing Clausewitz," War in History, November 1994, pp.319-336; Jim Byrne, "Keegan versus von Clausewitz," The Defence Associations National Network's National Network News, vol.6 no.1 (Spring 1999).]

Kelly, Justin and Mike Brennan. “Looking For The Hedgehog Idea.” Australian Army Journal, Volume VII, Number 1, pp.41-56; reprinted Small Wars Journal, 13 OCT 2010.

Kiesling, Eugenia C. "On War Without the Fog." Military Review, September-October 2001, pp.85-87.

Kiesling, Eugenia C. Review of Peter Paret, The Cognitive Challenge of War: Prussia, 1806 (Princeton University Press, 2009). Michigan War Studies Review, 7 JAN 2010.

Kiesling, Eugenia C. Review of Jon Tetsuro Sumida, Decoding Clausewitz: A New Approach to On War (University Press of Kansas, 2008), Army History, Summer 2010, pp.46-48.

Killion, Thomas H. "Clausewitz and Military Genius." Military Review 75 (Jul-Aug '95), pp.97-100.

King, James E. "On Clausewitz: Master Theorist of War." Naval War College Review, Fall 1977, 3-36.

Kinross, Stuart, "Clausewitz and Low-Intensity Conflict," The Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 27, No. 1, March 2004, pp. 35-58.

Kinross, Stuart, Clausewitz and America: Strategic Thought and Practice from Vietnam to Iraq (Routledge, 2008). Reviewed by Richard M. Swain, The Journal of Military History, Volume 72, Number 2, April 2008, pp. 628-629.

Kipp, Jacob W. "Lenin and Clausewitz: The Militarization of Marxism, 1914-1921." Military Affairs, October 1985, 184-191.

Kissinger, Henry A. Nuclear Weapons and Foreign Policy. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1957.

Kitchen, Martin. "The Traditions of German Strategic Thought." The International History Review, v.I (1979), no.2, 163-190.

Kitchen, Martin. "The Political History of Clausewitz." Journal of Strategic Studies, v.11, no.8 (March 1988), 27-50.

Kittler, Wolf. “Host Nations: Carl von Clausewitz and the New U.S. Army/Marine Corps Field Manual, FM 3-24, MCWP 3-33.5, Counterinsurgency.” In Elisabeth Krimmer and Patricia Anne Simpson eds., Enlightened War: German Theories and Cultures of Warfare from Frederick the Great to Clausewitz. Rochester: Camden House, 2011.

Kleemeier, Ulrike. "Moral Forces in War." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Klein, Bradley S. "The Politics of the Unstable Balance of Power in Machiavelli, Frederick the Great, and Clausewitz: Citizenship as Armed Virtue and the Evolution of Warfare." Ph.D. dissertation [political science]: University of Massachusetts, 1984.

Klein, Yitzhak. "Long defensives: Victory without compellence." Comparative Strategy Vol. 15 Issue 3 (Jul-Sep 1996), pp.233-249. Abstract: "Carl von Clausewitz maintained that victory in serious wars, as opposed to wars for limited objectives, can be achieved only by use of the offensive to destroy the enemy's fighting power; that is, by compellence. This view contradicted another of von Clausewitz's observations: that the defensive is the stronger form of war. By establishing a ratio of exchange in the defender's favor, the defensive can eat up the enemy's resolve to continue the war no less effectively than by beating it in an offensive hauptschlacht, even though it may take more time. Three cases are examined in this article in which the strategy of the “long defensive” produced victory for the side that suffered from considerable strategic disadvantages: the Dutch wars of independence, the wars of Frederick the Great, and the Arab‐Israeli wars. The study of these cases implied that the defensive ought to receive more credit than it hitherto has had in Western strategic theory as the strategy of choice even in 'total' wars." ClausewitzStudies.org editor's note: This article's assumptions about Clausewitz'a theoretical categories are a bit problematic. Clausewitz identified no category of "serious wars," and if he did it would have included many hard-fought wars over limited objectives. Also, Clausewitz does not use the term "total war," so Klein is probably referring to campaigns in which one of the belligerents' aim is the complete elimination of its opponent's military capacity for defense. [Clausewitz also has no category of "limited war," only a category of limited objectives in which a belligerent's aim may not involve the complete destruction of its opponent's military capacity. The reference to "compellence" indicates that Klein is working off of Robert Pape's analytical model based on contrasting "compellence" with "coercion." (Unfortunately, those two terms are virtually synonymous in normal usage and many would-be adoptees never quite nailed down which term means what in Pape's framework.) However, the ambiguous term "compellence" also applies to limited objectives, since the latter's purpose is to compel the enemy to negotiate a deal on one's own terms. There is no "contradiction" between an offensive victory and Clausewitz's argument that defense is the stronger form of war. The latter certainly does not imply that the defender will always win: there are many factors in victory and defeat beyond the inherent qualities of the offensive and defensive forms of war, and a successful defense can create the opportunity for a successful counteroffensive. Nonetheless, despite his exercise in Clausewitzian straw-man construction, Klein provides interesting examples of defensive victories. None of these involved the military disarming or political destruction of the loser, and all are excellent illustrations of Clausewitz's actual argument.

Kleinman, [Master Sergeant, USA; formerly LTC] Forrest K. "The Pied Piper of Modern Military Thought." Military Review, v.XXXVII, no.8 (November 1957), 56-64.

Kleinman, Forrest K., and Robert S. Horowitz. The Modern United States Army. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1964.

Klinger, Janeen. "The Social Science of Carl von Clausewitz." Parameters 36 (1), Spring 2006, pp.79-89.

Kober, Dr. Avi. "Clausewitz and 21st Century: Israeli Military Thinking and Practice," pp.151-173 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Kober, Paul M., translator. “Clausewitz and the Communist Party Line: A Pronouncement by Stalin.” Contains introduction and translation by Paul M. Kober; letter to Stalin by Professor Colonel E. Razin [Red Army], January 30, 1946; reply to Razin by J. Stalin, February 23, 1946. Military Affairs, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Summer, 1949), pp. 75-78.

Kolkowicz, Roman. "On Limited War: Soviet Approaches." Robert O'Neill and D.M. Horner, eds. New Directions in Strategic Thinking. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1981.

Kornberger, Martin [Department of Organization, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark]. "Clausewitz: On Strategy." Business History Vol. 55, No. 7 (2013), pp. 1058–1073.

Kornberger, Martin [EM Lyon, France, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business and University of Edinburgh], and Anders Engberg-Pedersen [University of Southern Denmark]. “Reading Clausewitz, Reimagining the Practice of Strategy.” Strategic Organization 19, no. 2 (2019): 338–50. doi:10.1177/1476127019854963. Abstract: Strategy and organization theory enjoy a reawakening interest in historical analysis. In this essay, we suggest that this engagement should include strategy’s linkage to the history of military strategy. We develop our argument through an exegesis of Carl von Clausewitz’ treatise On War. We claim that Clausewitz’ theorization of strategy advances the ongoing scholarly conversation on the practice of strategy in three specific ways. First, he defines a distinctive locus for the notion of strategy as the bridge between policy and tactics; in so doing, he addresses what has been criticized as strategy’s conceptual drift. Second, with Clausewitz, we can pose the question of strategy’s effectiveness in a critical, reflexive way. This opens up a way to answer the “so-what” question that has hampered strategy as practice research. Third, as an educator in military affairs of the Crown Prince, Clausewitz invites reflection on strategy’s pedagogy. Following Clausewitz, strategy may not want to concern itself with distilling the next practice from past history but immerse strategy students in great detail in history in order to develop their critical faculties.

Kraig, Dr. Michael Ryan "In Defense of the Defense: The Continuing Political Value of 'Denial of Enemy Aims.'” Air & Space Power Journal January–February 2013, pp.80-106.

Kriete, Charles F. "Clausewitz and the Theology of American Strategy." C. Dennison Lane, Mark Weisenbloom, Dimon Liu, eds., Chinese Military Modernization. New York : Kegan Paul International; Washington, D.C. : AEI Press, 1996.

Krimmer, Elisabeth [Professor of German at the University of California, Davis] and Simpson, Patricia Anne [Associate Professor of German Studies at Montana State University]. Enlightened War: German Theories and Cultures of Warfare from Frederick the Great to Clausewitz. Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2011 (Studies in German Literature Linguistics and Culture). ISBN 1571134956, 978-1571134950.

Includes:

Arndt Niebisch, "Military Intelligence: On Carl von Clausewitz's Hermeneutics of Disturbance and Probability," pp.258-278.

Wolf Kittler, "Host Nations: Carl von Clausewitz and the New U.S. Army/Marine Corps Field Manual, FM 3-24MCWP 3.33.5, Counterinsurgency," pp.279-306.

 

L

Laksmana, Evan A. [research analyst and MSc student in Strategic Studies at the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore]. "Rethinking Political Supremacy in War: A Review Essay of Clausewitz and Huntington." Overseas Think Tank for Indonesia. March 17th, 2009. An interesting student paper.

Laloy, Émile. "French Military Theory, 1871-1914." The Military Historian and Economist, July 1917, 267.

Lammi, Jeremy (University of Calgary). "Carl von Clausewitz and Insurgency." Conference paper, April 2009.

Landmeter, E.A. de [Kolonel Eric de Landmeter was at the time of writing this a defense attaché in Moscow]. "The relevance of Clausewitz's 'On War' to today's conflicts." Militaire Spectator [Netherlands], 26 Juli 2018.

Lauterbach, Albert T. "Roots and Implications of the German Idea of Military Society." Military Affairs, v.V (1941), 1-20.

Lavisse, Ernest, and Charles Andler, trans. L.S. German Theory and Practice of War. [Series: Studies and Documents on the War.] Paris: Librairie Armand Colin, 1915.

Lawrence, T.E. Revolt in the Desert. New York: George H. Doran, 1927.

Lawrence, T.E. Seven Pillars of Wisdom. New York: Doubleday, 1926, 1935.

Lawson, Sean T. Nonlinear Science and Warfare: Chaos, Complexity and the U.S. Military in the Information Age. Routledge, 2014. ISBN 0415836859.

Lebow, Richard Ned. "Clausewitz and Nuclear Crisis Stability." Political Science Quarterly, Spring 1988, 89-110.

Lenin, V.I. "War and Revolution" [a lecture delivered 14 (27) MAY 1917). First published according to the shorthand report April 23, 1929 in Pravda No. 93. From Lenin Collected Works. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1964, Moscow, Volume 24, pages 398-421. "We all know the dictum of Clausewitz, one of the most famous writers on the philosophy and history of war, which says: 'War is a continuation of policy by other means.'[4] This dictum comes from a writer [See Clausewitz, On War, Vol. 1] who reviewed the history of wars and drew philosophic lessons from it shortly after the period of the Napoleonic wars. This writer's basic views are now undoubtedly familiar to every thinking person...." Posted on-line by Marxists.org.

Lenin, V.I. "Lenin's Notebook on Clausewitz." Ed./trans. Donald E. Davis and Walter S.G. Kohn. In David R. Jones, ed., Soviet Armed Forces Review Annual, vol.1. Gulf Breeze, FL: Academic International Press, 1977, pp.188-229. The text has been posted to The Clausewitz Homepage with the kind permission of Academic International Press. This is a translation of V.I. Lenin, "Notebook of Excerpts and Remarks on Carl von Clausewitz, On War and the Conduct of War, in V.V. Adoratskii, V.M. Molotov, and M.A Savel'ev, eds., Leninskii sbornik (Lenin Miscellany), (2nd ed., Moscow-Leningrad, 1931), XII, 389-452. Includes preface by A.S. Bubnov, explanatory notes by A. Toporkov, and considerable bibliographical information.

Leonard, Roger Ashley. A Short Guide to Clausewitz On War. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1967 (with a preface by Michael Howard). 237pp.

Leonard, Steve [USMA]. "'You Really Think I'm Irrelevant? LOL.' A Letter to Clausewitz Haters from Beyond The Grave." West Point: Modern War Institute, USMA, 6 May 6 2020.

Lepper, COL Steven J., USAF. "On (the Law of) War: What Clausewitz Meant to Say." Airpower Journal, Summer 1999.

Lewis, Wyndham. The Hitler Cult. New York: Gordon Press, 1972; originally London, 1939.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. (1895-1970). NOTE: See the extended discussion of Liddell Hart in Christopher Bassford, Clausewitz in English: The Reception of Clausewitz in Britain and America, 1815-1945 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), Ch.15.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. "Colonel Bond's Criticisms: A Reply." Royal Engineers Journal, November 1922.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Paris, Or the Future of War. New York: E.P. Dutton and Company, 1925.

Liddell Hart, Basil. H. "The Napoleonic Fallacy." Empire Review, May 1925.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. The Remaking of Modern Armies. London: J. Murray, 1927. See Spenser Wilkinson's response, "Killing No Murder: An Examination of Some New Theories of War," Army Quarterly 14 (October 1927).

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Reputations, Ten Years After. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1928.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. (Response to Wilkinson's "Killing No Murder.") Army Quarterly 15 (January 1928). 396-401.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Sherman: Soldier, Realist, American. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1929.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. The Decisive Wars of History. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1929.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Foch: The Man of Orleans. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1931; Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1932.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. The British Way of Warfare. London: Faber and Faber, 1932; New York: Macmillan, 1933.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. The Ghost of Napoleon. London: 1933; reprinted, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1980.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Colonel Lawrence: The Man behind the Legend. New York: Dodd, Meade and Company, 1934.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Europe in Arms. New York: Random House, 1937.

Liddell Hart, Basil H., ed. T.E. Lawrence to His Biographer, Liddell Hart. New York: Doubleday, 1938.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Through the Fog of War. New York: Random House, 1938.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. "War, Limited." Harper's Magazine, March 1946. 193-203.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. The Revolution in Warfare. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1947.

Liddell Hart, Basil. The German Generals Talk. New York: William Morrow and Company, 1948.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. Strategy, rev. ed. New York: Praeger, 1954, 1967. [Originally The Decisive Wars of History, 1929.]

Liddell Hart, Basil H. "Armed Forces and the Art of War: Armies." J.P.T. Bury, ed. The New Cambridge Modern History, Volume X, The Zenith of European Power, 1830-1870. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960. 302-330.

Liddell Hart, Basil H. The Memoirs of Captain Liddell Hart, 2 vols. London: Cassell, 1965.

Liddell Hart, Basil, ed. "Karl von Clausewitz." The Sword and the Pen: Selections from the World's Greatest Military Writings. New York, Crowell, 1976. 148-152.

Lider, J. Military Theory. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1983.

Lider, J. On the Nature of War. Farnborough: Saxon House, 1977.

Lider, J. "War and Politics: Clausewitz Today." Cooperation and Conflict, 12 (3), 1977, pp.187-206.

Locke, Robert R. "Reassessing the basis of economics: From Adam Smith to Carl von Clausewitz." Real-world Economics Review (formerly the Post-Autistic Economics Review), no. 61 (26 September 2012).

Lonsdale, David J. "Clausewitz and Information Warfare." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Lonsdale, David J. The Nature of War in the Information Age. Clausewitzian Future. London: Frank Cass, 2004.

Lund, Robert R. The Middle East: Employment of U.S. Military Forces from a Clausewitzian Perspective. Washington, D.C.: Defense Technical Information Center, 1988. Government Document # AD-B134 004.

Luttwak, Edward. "Toward Post-heroic Warfare." Foreign Affairs, May 1995.

Luvaas, Jay. The Education of an Army: British Military Thought, 1815-1940. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964.

Luvaas, Jay. "Clausewitz and the American Experience." Unpublished lecture, US Army War College, c.1982-1987.

Luvaas, Jay. "Clausewitz, Fuller and Liddell Hart." Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 197-212.

Luvaas, Jay. "Student as Teacher: Clausewitz on Frederick the Great and Napoleon." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 150–170; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 150-170.

Luvaas, Jay. "Some Vagrant Thoughts on Doctrine." Military Review, March 1986, 57-60.

Luvaas, Jay. "Thinking at the Operational Level." Parameters, v.16, no.1 (1986), 2-6.

Luvaas, Jay. "Napoleon's Use of Intelligence: The Jena Campaign of 1805." Intelligence and National Security, July 1988, pp.40-54.

Lynn, John A. "War of Annihilation, War of Attrition, and War of Legitimacy: A Neo-Clausewitzian Approach to Twentieth-Century Conflicts." Marine Corps Gazette, October 1996. 64-71.

Lynn, John A. "The Sun of Austerlitz: Romantic Visions of Decisive Battle in Nineteenth-Century Europe." Chapter 6 in Battle: A History of Combat and Culture. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2003, pp.179-216

M

MacIsaac, Lieutenant Colonel [USAF] David. "Master at Arms: Clausewitz in Full View." Air University Review, January-February 1979, 83-79.

Mackinlay, John [former British Army; currently King"s College London, War Studies]. "International Operations to Contain Violence in a Complex Emergency." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Mahan, Alfred Thayer, eds. Robert Seeger II and Doris D. Maguire. Letters and Papers of Alfred Thayer Mahan. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1975.

Mahan, Alfred Thayer, ed. Allan Westcott. Mahan on Naval Warfare. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1918.

Mahan, Alfred Thayer. Naval Strategy Compared and Contrasted with the Principles and Practice of Military Operations on Land: Lectures Delivered at the Naval War College, Newport, R.I., between the Years 1887 and 1911. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1911; reprinted Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1975.

Mahnken, Tom. "Advice from Clausewitz: Get a Strategy for Syria." Foreign Policy, September 2, 2013. Blurb: "Whether he knows it or not, Barack Obama is leading the United States into war with Syria. It is unclear whether he conceives of U.S. military strikes in response to the Syrian government’s use of chemical weapons against its own people as war, but that’s precisely what it would be...."

Maltzahn, Admiral [Curt Freiherr] von, trans. W.H. Hancock. What Lesson Has General von Clausewitz's Work "On War" for the Naval Officer? Portsmouth: Naval War College, November 1906. [From the Marine Rundschau, June 1905.] Marcu, Valeriu, trans. Eden and Cedar Paul. "Hans Delbrück, or The Historian Conquers the Specialist." Men and Forces of Our Time. New York: Viking, 1931, 193-208. [Originally Männer und Mächte der Gegenwart. Berlin: Gustav Kiepenheuer, 1930.]

Mattox, COL John Mark [Commandant, Defense Nuclear Weapons School]. "The Clausewitzian Trinity in the Information Age: A Just War Approach." Journal of Military Ethics Vol. 7, No. 3 (2008), pp.202-214.

MAO ZEDONG: On Mao's direct and intimate familiarity with Clausewitz's work, see especially T. Derbent, "Clausewitz, Mao et le maoïsme" [or our English translation] whose assessment (writing in French and based to a large extent on Zhang Yuanlin's research in German)—was much more conclusive than his earlier thinking in Derbent, Clausewitz et la Guerre Populaire (Bruxelles: Aden, 2004). Much of Mao's published corpos is on-line in English on Marxists.org. For an interesting Communist perspective, see also T. Derbent's very useful website.

Mao Zedong. Selected Military Writings. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1977.

Mao Zedong. On Protracted War, in Military Writings of Mao Tse-tung, Editions in foreign languages, Beijing, 1964, page 259. On Mao's direct and intimate familiarity with Clausewitz's work, see T. Derbent, On-line in English on Marxists.org.

Mao Zedong. "Problems of Strategy in China's Revolutionary War," in Military Writings of Mao Tse-tung, Editions in foreign languages, Beijing, 1964.

Marston, J.E. The Life and Campaigns of Field Marshal Prince Blucher. London: Sherwood, Neely, and Jones, 1815.

Mason, Group Captain (RAF) R.A. "The Challenge of Clausewitz." Air University Review, March-April 1979, 75-79.

Mason, R.A. "Clausewitz in the Nuclear Age." Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, September 1977.

Matthews, Col. Lloyd J. "Operationalese Mania." Army, February 1987, 19-25.

Matthews, Col. Lloyd J. "On Clausewitz." Army, February 1988, 20-24.

Mattox, John Mark. "The Clausewitzian Trinity in the Information Age: A Just War Approach." Journal of Military Ethics, Volume 7, Issue 3, 2008, pp.202-214. Abstract: "Clausewitz's 'remarkable trinity' has long been a touchstone for discourse on the military's strategic position relative to other essential elements of Western society. Similarly, the just war tradition has long been a touchstone for moral discourse on war. Although these touchstones represent two intellectual traditions which may appear to have little or nothing in common, the 21st-century strategist or policymaker must take into account the imperatives of both traditions. This is so because, in the Information Age, public reactions to perceived moral shortcomings associated with the decision to go to war, or with perceived moral lapses on the battlefield, can significantly disrupt the balance which the 'remarkable trinity' requires. Accordingly, this study takes as its task to propose a model which accommodates the concerns of both traditions. It first examines both formulations of Clausewitz's 'remarkable trinity' and then proposes a revised model of the 'remarkable trinity' which accommodates just war concerns. It concludes with some reflections on contemporary applications of the model, especially as it relates to the instruments of national power." DOI:10.1080/15027570802277755.

[Maude, F.N.] "A True Reformer." Letters on Tactics and Organization. Calcutta, 1888.

Maude, F.N. Military Letters and Essays. Kansas City, Mo.: Hudson-Kimberly, 1895.

Maude, F.N. Attack and Defence: Seven Military Essays. London: J.J. Keliher, 1896.

Maude, F.N. Evolution of Modern Strategy. London: W. Clowes and Sons, 1905.

Maude, F.N. War and the World's Life. London: Smith, Elder and Company, 1907.

Maude, F.N. The Jena Campaign, 1806. London: S. Sonnenschein, 1909.

Maurice, Frederick Barton. Statesmen and Soldiers of the Civil War: A Study of the Conduct of the War. Boston: Little, Brown, 1926.

Maurice, Major-General Sir F. [Frederick Barton]. British Strategy: A Study of the Application of the Principles of War. London: Constable, 1929.

Maurice, Colonel J.F., R.A. "War." Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th edition. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1878. v.XXIV, 343-363.

Maurice, Colonel F. War. London: Macmillan and Company, 1891.

Maurice, Lieut.-Colonel F. [ed. Frederick Barton Maurice, son of J.F. Maurice]. Sir Frederick Maurice: A Record of His Work and Opinions. London: Edward Arnold, 1913.

McCoy, Joe [School of Philosophy, The Catholic University of America]. Review of Andreas Herberg-Rothe, Das Rätsel Clausewitz. Politische Theorie des Kriegs im Widerstreit (Munich: Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 2001). H-Net Reviews in the Humanities & Social Sciences, January 2004.

McCranor, Timothy. "On the Pedagogical Intent of Clausewitz's On War." MCU Journal vol. 9, no. 1, Spring 2018, pp.133-154.

McDonnell, CPT Robert H. (USAF). "Clausewitz and Strategic Bombing." Air University Quarterly Review, v.VI, no.1 (Spring 1953), 43-54.

McEntire, Commander [USCG] James F. "Engineers or Guardians?" United States Naval Institute Proceedings, December 1990, 74-76.

McGinnis, Major [USA] Thomas M. "Jomini and the Ardennes: An Analysis of Lines of Operation and Decisive Points." Fort Leavenworth, KS: School of Advanced Military Studies, May 1988.

McInnes, Colin [Department of International Politics, University of Wales, Aberystwyth], "A Different Kind of War? September 11 and the United States" Afghan War." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Mead, Walter Russell. "Clausewitz: Master of War." The American Interest, May 17, 2011. This is on "Via Meadia," Mead's Blog. ["Clausewitz’s unfinished masterpiece On War stands out as perhaps the greatest work of strategic thought human reflection has yet produced."]

Mearsheimer, John. Liddell Hart and the Weight of History. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988.

Meilinger, Phillip S. "China and Clausewitz." Defense Analysis, Volume 17, Issue 3, December 2001, pages 325-326. DOI:10.1080/07430170152627708

Meilinger, Phillip S. [Ph.D., Colonel, USAF, ret.]. "Busting the Icon: Restoring Balance to the Influence of Clausewitz," Strategic Studies Quarterly (Fall, 2007), pp.116-145. See also reply by Nik Gardner, "Resurrecting the 'Icon': The Enduring Relevance of Clausewitz’s On War," Strategic Studies Quarterly, Spring 2009, pp.119-133.

Meilinger, Phillip S. [Ph.D., Colonel, USAF, ret.]. "Clausewitz's Bad Advice." Armed Forces Journal, August 2008.

Meilinger, Col Phillip S., USAF, Ret. "The Mutable Nature of War." Air & Space Power Journal Winter 2010, pp.24-30.

Melton, Stephen L. The Clausewitz Delusion: How the American Army Screwed Up the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan (A Way Forward). Minneapolis: Zenith Press, 2009.

Mertsalov, A.N. “Jomini versus Clausewitz.” Mark and Ljubica Erickson, eds., Russia: War, Peace and Diplomacy. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004, pp.11-19. From an Amazon.com 'reader review': "In 'Jomini versus Clausewitz' A.N. Mertsalov weights out the two leading Western military theorists and finds the former much superior to the latter. Since Clausewitz is normally considered the better thinker today, Mertsalov's essay is worth reading for an alternative point of view, and is especially noteworthy for covering Clausewitz's considerable and often disastrous influence in Russia. Perhaps because Mertsalov is a Second World War veteran, there is a real anger about Clausewitz's 'inhuman German militarist ideology' and how it influenced how the Red Army fought World War II with the cult of the offensive, mindless authoritarianism, the conviction that willpower alone was sufficient for victory with no thought about such things as logistics, and a savage code of discipline to inspire that willpower." However, one should not confuse the social liberal Clausewitz (1780-1821) with the Third Reich, nor confuse his own ideas with the way in which the Soviets melded them into their own home-grown, disastrous, inhuman, mindless authoritarianism.

Mewett, Christopher [as of 2023, a military analyst, strategist, and support contractor to the U.S. Department of the Army]. "J.J. Graham: A Biographical Sketch." Written to support ClausewitzStudies.org's posting of COL J.J. Graham's 1873 translation of Clausewitz's Vom Kriege.

Mewett, Christopher. "Clausewitz: The Fighting Soldier." Review of Donald Stoker, Clausewitz: His Life and Work (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), ISBN 0199357943. War on the Rocks, August 26, 2014.

Mewett, Christopher."Ain’t No Party Like a Clausewitz Party Cuz a Clausewitz Party Don’t Stop."War on the Rocks.

Part I: "Defining War for Law and Theory," March 5, 2014.

Part II: "Technology and the Expansion of War," March 10, 2014.

Part III: "Strategy, Politics, and Keeping “War” Limited," March 12, 2014.

Mewett, Christopher. "Understanding War’s Enduring Nature Alongside its Changing Character." War on the Rocks, January 21, 2014.

Metz, Steven and Lieutenant [USA] Frederick M. Downey. "Centers of Gravity and Strategic Planning." Military Review, April, 1988, 22-33.

Metz, Steven. "A Wake for Clausewitz: Toward a Philosophy of 21st Century Warfare." Parameters 24 (1), Winter 1994-95, pp.126-132.

Meyers, [Captain, USN] George Julian. Strategy. Washington, D.C.: Byron S. Adams, 1928.

Miewald, Dr. Robert D. "On Clausewitz and the Application of Force." Air University Review, July-August 1968, 74-78.

Milevski, Lukas [assistant professor at the Institute of History at Leiden University]. "The Mirage of Post-Clausewitzianism: Understanding War and Politics on the Frontier of Clausewitzian Thought," Military Strategy Magazine, Special Edition, "The Continuing Relevance of Clausewitz," December 2020, pages 16-20.

"Many have made cases against Clausewitz, often centering on the relationship between war and Politik. Underlying such critiques is the assumption that this relationship has been culturally conditioned. Yet such charges are leveled with no consideration about how the critics’ own understanding of politics/policy is culturally conditioned. Often what is faulty is not Clausewitz, but the critics’ own sense of politics."

Military Correspondent of the Times [Colonel Thomas á Court Repington]. "A Plea for History." The Times, 10 September 1904.

Military Correspondent of the Times [Repington]. "Á la Clausewitz." The Times (London), March 23, 1905.

Military Correspondent of the Times [Repington]. Imperial Strategy. London: John Murray, 1906.

Military Correspondent of the Times [Repington]. The Foundations of Reform. London: Simpkin, Marshall and Company, 1908.

Military Correspondent of the Times [Repington]. "The War Day by Day: Clausewitz and the Moderns." The Times, 11 March 1915, 6.

Military Correspondent of the Times [Repington]. "Forces Moral and Material." 8 March 1915, 6.

Mitchell, John. Thoughts on Tactics and Military Organization. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1838.

[Mitchell, John.] "Review of the British Army, and of the Present State of Military Science." Monthly Chronicle (London), v.1, March-June 1838, 317-330.

Mitchell, John. "On Promotion by Purchase." United Service Journal, May 1838, 51-63.

Mitchell, John. "Colonel Mitchell in reply to Fluellen." United Service Journal, pt.3, October 1838, 241-43.

Mitchell, John. (None.) United Service Gazette, June 20, 1840, 4.

Mitchell, John. "Military Science and the Late Disasters in Affghanistan" (sic). The United Service Gazette, May 14, 1842, 4.

Mitchell, John. The Fall of Napoleon, 3 vols. London: G.W. Nickerson, 1845.

Mitchell, John. "The Vulnerability of Russia." United Service Gazette, 3 June, 1854, 4.

Møller, Bjørn. Resolving the Security Dilemma in Europe: The German Debate on Non-Offensive Defence. London: Brassey's, 1991.

Montano, James J., and Dennis H. Long. "Clausewitz's Advice to the New US President." Parameters, December 1988, 30-41.

Montgomery of Alamein, Field-Marshal Viscount. A History of Warfare. New York: The World Publishing Company, 1968.

Monthoux, Pierre Guillet de. The Art Firm: Aesthetic Management and Metaphysical Marketing. Stanford, CA: Stanford Business Books, 2004. [See pp.66-72 for a discussion of Clausewitz, Napoleon, and war as an art.]

Montross, Lynn. "The Writings of Jomini and Clausewitz." War Through the Ages. 3rd ed. New York, Harper & Row, 1960.  581-585.

Moody, Peter R., Jr. "Clausewitz and the Fading Dialectic of War." World Politics, 1979, 31(3), 417-432.

Moran, Daniel. "Clausewitz and the Revolution." Central European History, v.22, no.2 (June 1989), 183-199.

Moran, Daniel [Professor, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School]. "Strategic Theory and the History of War." Paper, 2001.

See also two items edited by Moran and Peter Paret:

Clausewitz, Carl von. Two Letters on Strategy. Ed./trans. Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. Carlisle: Army War College Foundation, 1984.  (If you have difficulty with the format of the CSI version, try our local backup, in simplified HTML.)

Clausewitz, Carl von. Historical and Political Writings. Eds./trans. Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. Reviewed, C. Bassford, The International History Review, vol.XIV, no.4 (November 1992).

Moran, Daniel, trans., The Campaign of 1815, by Carl von Clausewitz. Trans. Daniel Moran. Unpublished. Copyright Daniel Moran 2005.

Moran, Daniel [Professor, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School]. "Carl Von Clausewitz: Strategy for Cooks." Paper, 1 April 2003.

Moran, Daniel. "The Instrument: Clausewitz on Aims and Objectives in War." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Moran, Daniel, with Christopher Bassford and Gregory W. Pedlow trans./eds. Carl von Clausewitz and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815 (Clausewitz.com, 2010).

Moran, Daniel. "Clausewitz on Waterloo: Napoleon at Bay," in Carl von Clausewitz and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815, ed./trans. Christopher Bassford, Daniel Moran, and Gregory W. Pedlow (Clausewitz.com, 2010), pp.237-255. Reviews: MajGen/Dr. David T. Zabecki, The Journal of Military History, April 2011; Bruno Colson, "Clausewitz on Waterloo," War in History 19 (July 2012), pp.397-400

Moran, Daniel. See also Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, Jan Willem Honig, and Daniel Moran, eds., Clausewitz: The State and War.

Morgan, J.H. Assize of Arms: The Disarmament of Germany and her Rearmament (1919-1939). New York: Oxford University Press, 1946.

Muller, Klaus Jurgen. "Clausewitz, Ludendorff and Beck: Some Remarks on Clausewitz's’ Influence on German Military Thinking in the 1930s and 1940s." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 240–266; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 240-266.

Müller, Detlev-Holger. "Is Game Theory Compatible With Clausewitz’s Strategic Thinking?" Estonian National Defence College, ENDC Proceedings, Volume 19, 2014, pp. 11–25. This article is based on the author’s thesis “Clausewitz’ Verständnis von Strategie im Spiegel der Spieltheorie” (Berlin 2012).

Münkler, Herfried. "Clausewitz and the Privatization of War." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Murden, Simon. "Purpose in Mission Design: Understanding the Four Kinds of Operational Approach." Military Review, May-June 2013, pp.53-62.

Murray, Major Stewart L. [Lygon]. The Reality of War: An Introduction to Clausewitz with a Note by Spenser Wilkinson. London: Hugh Rees, 1909.

Murray, Stewart L. "How to Read Clausewitz." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Page 7.

Murray, Williamson. "Clausewitz: Some Thoughts on What the Germans Got Right." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 267–286; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 267-286.

Murray, Williamson. "War, Theory, Clausewitz, and Thucydides: The Game May Change But the Rules Remain." Marine Corps Gazette 81 (Jan 97), pp.62-69.

Murray, Williamson. "Clausewitz out, Computer In." The National Interest, 1 June 1997.

Murry, Lieutenant Colonel [USA] William V. "Clausewitz and Limited Nuclear War." Military Review, v.LV, no.4 (April 1975), 15-28.

N

Nardulli, Bruce R. "Clausewitz and the Reorientation of Nuclear Strategy." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 5, Issue 4, 1982, Pages 494–510.

Naylor, Colonel [USA] William K. Principles of Strategy: With Historical Illustrations. Fort Leavenworth: The General Service Schools Press, 1921.

Nelson, Harold [Colonel, USA]. "Space and Time in On War." Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 134-149.

New, Larry D. (Col, USAF) . "Clausewitz's Theory: On War and Its Application Today." Airpower Journal 10 (Fall 1996), pp.78-86.

Nickerson, Hoffman. Can We Limit War? New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1934; reprinted Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1973.

Nickerson, Hoffman. "Clausewitz: A Hundred Years After." Army Quarterly, July 1940. 274-284.

Nickerson, Hoffman. The Armed Horde 1793-1939: A Study of the Rise, Survival and Decline of the Mass Army. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1942.

Nickerson, Hoffman. Arms and Policy, 1939-1944. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1945.

Nickerson, Hoffman. "The Folly of Strategic Bombing: An Analysis of Maj. Gen. J.F.C. Fuller's New Book." [A review of Fuller, The Second World War.] Ordnance, January-February 1949, 245-247.

Nielsen, Suzanne C. [Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, USMA West Point]. "The Public Morality of Carl von Clausewitz:." (DRAFT) Paper for Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, 24-27 March 2002. (Also available as PDF.)

Nielsen, Suzanne C. "The Tragedy of War: Clausewitz on Morality and the Use of Force", Defence Studies, v.7, no.2 (June 2007), 208-238.

Nielsen, Suzanne C. Political Control Over the Use of Force: a Clausewitzian Perspective. Letort Papers, U.S. Army War College, Strategic Studies Institute, 2001.

Nooy, Gert de, ed. The Clausewitzian Dictum and the Future of Western Military Strategy. The Hague; Boston : Kluwer Law International, c1997.

Nordin, Astrid H.M. [Lancaster University, UK] and Öberg, Dan [Swedish Defence College]. "Targeting the Ontology of War: From Clausewitz to Baudrillard." Millennium: Journal of International Studies, Vol. 43(2) (2015), pp.392–410. DOI: 10.1177/0305829814552435. Abstract: "Against a surprising level of agreement between Clausewitz, contemporary military doctrines and critical war studies on an ontology of war as fighting, we suggest that the study of contemporary warfare needs to focus more on war as processing. Through Jean Baudrillard we argue that at least some of what is referred to as ‘war’ is no longer characterized by encounters through fighting. We exemplify our argument by how the repetitive battle-rhythm of military targeting strives for perfect war. What remains is not war as an object in itself, but a reified ‘war’ that obscures the disappearance of that very object. The debate on war contributes to the reification of such a war, as an imperative telling us: ‘we have a concept, you must learn to think through it’."

Nothhaft, Howard [University of Lund] and Hagen Schölzel [University of Erfurt]. "(re)-Reading Clausewitz: The strategy discourse and its implications for strategic communication." The Routledge Handbook of Strategic Communication, eds. Derina Holtzhausen abd Ansgar Zerfass, Taylor & Francis 2015, pp.18‐33. ISBNs: 9780415530019, 9780203094440

Nunn, Jack H. [Major USAR]. "Termination: The Myth of the Short, Decisive Nuclear War." Parameters, December 1981.

Nye, Roger H. The Patton Mind: The Professional Development of an Extraordinary Leader. Garden City Park, NY: Avery Publishing Group, 1993.

O

Office of the Director of Intelligence, USAF. "Outlines of the Principles of Warfare from Clausewitz to the Present Time." ["An unclassified study, in outline form, dealing with the development of modern theories of warfare as propounded by Clausewitz, Ludendorff, Engels and Marx, Trotsky, Lenin and Stalin.] Paper, Maxwell AFB, AL: Air University, 1949.

Oki, Dr. Takeshi. "Clausewitz in 21st Century Japan," pp.204-210 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Oldemeinen, Mareike [undergraduate student, University of St Andrews]. "Is Clausewitzian Thought Really Timeless as Some Have Claimed?" e-International Relations ["The world's leading website for students of international politics"], January 24, 2012.

Olshausen, General Lieutenant (ret.) Dr. Klaus [President of the Clausewitz Society]. "A Golden Anniversary with Bright Prospects for the Future," pp.9-11 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Olson, Wm. J. "The Continuing Irrelevance of Clausewitz." Small Wars Journal, Jul 26, 2013.

O'Neill, Robert, and D.M. Horner, eds. New Directions in Strategic Thinking. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1981.

Orahood, Lieutenant Colonel [USA] James A. On the Art of War: A Contrast of Clausewitz and Sun Tzu. Carlisle Barracks, PA: U.S. Army War College, 1989.

Orwell, George. "Perfide Albion." The New Statesman and Nation, November 21, 1942, 342-343.

Osgood, Robert Endicott. Limited War: The Challenge to American Strategy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957.

Osgood, Robert Endicott. Limited War Revisited. Boulder: Westview Press, 1979.

Osgood, Robert Endicott. The Nuclear Dilemma in American Strategic Thought. Boulder: Westview Press, 1988.

Otis, Major [USMC] John F., Jr. "Clausewitz: On Weinberger." Marine Corps Gazette, February 1988, 16-17.

Otte, T.G. "Educating Bellona: Carl von Clausewitz and Military Education." Keith Nelson and Greg Kennedy, eds. Military Education: Past, Present, Future. New York: Praeger, 2002.

Owen, William F. [Editor of Infinity Journal]. "To Be Clausewitzian," Infinity Journal Special Edition, "Clausewitz and Contemporary Conflict," February 2012, pp.20-23. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Owen, William F., editor. Special Edition, “The Continuing Relevance of Clausewitz.”Military Strategy Magazine, December 2020.

CONTENTS

William F. Owen, "A Note from the Editor."

Antulio J. Echevarria II [COL, USA (ret.); Professor at the US Army War College and former Elihu Root Chair of Military Studies], Clausewitz’s Supreme Question: Reconsidering his Legacy,” pages 4-7.

Lukas Milevski [assistant professor at the Institute of History at Leiden University], "The Mirage of Post-Clausewitzianism: Understanding War and Politics on the Frontier of Clausewitzian Thought," pages 16-20.

David Betz [Professor of War in the Modern World in the Department of War Studies, King’s College London and Senior Fellow of the Foreign Policy Research Institute], In Search of a Point: The Blob at War,” pages 22-27.

M.L.R. Smith [Research Associate in the Office of the Dean of Humanities, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa and Professor of Strategic Theory at King’s College London], The Occam’s Razor of Strategic Theory: The Relevance of Clausewitz for Political Conduct,” pages 28-32.

Lennart Souchon [former Director of the International Clausewitz-Center at the Führungsakademie der Bundeswehr; founder, the Clausewitz Network for Strategic Studies in 2008; senior member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) in London], “Strategy, War, and the Relevance of Carl von Clausewitz,” pages 33-37.

P

Palat, General [evidently pseud. for P. Lehautcourt]. "German Military Theory at the Outbreak of the War." The Military Historian and Economist, October, 1917, 357-371.

Norton Paley, Clausewitz Talks Business: An Executive's Guide to Thinking Like a Strategist. CRC Press [an imprint of Taylor & Francis], 2015. ISBN-10: 148222027X - ISBN-13: 978-1482220278

Palmer, John McAuley. Statesmanship or War. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page and Company, 1927.

Palmer, John M. Washington, Lincoln, Wilson: Three War Statesmen. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1930.

Palmer, John McAuley. America in Arms: The Experience of the United States with Military Organization. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1941.

Palmgren, Anders. Visions of Strategy: Following Clausewitz’s Train of Thought (monograph, doctoral dissertation, Helsinki: National Defense University [Finland], 2014.

Paquette L. "Strategy in Time in Clausewitz's On War and in Sun-tzu's Art of War." Comparative Strategy, vol.10, no.1, 1991, pp.37-51.

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz: A Bibliographical Survey." World Politics, v.XVII (1965), no.2, 272-285.

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz and the Nineteenth Century." Michael Howard, ed. The Theory and Practice of War. New York: Praeger, 1966.

Paret, Peter. Innovation and Reform in Warfare. United States Air Force Academy, 1966.

Paret, Peter. "Hans Delbrück on Military Critics and Military Historians." Military Affairs, v.30 (1966), 148-52.

Paret, Peter. Yorck and the Era of Prussian Reform, 1807-1815. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1966.

Paret, Peter. Review of Werner Hahlweg, Schriften – Aufsätze – Studien – Briefe: Dokumente aus dem Clausewitz-, Scharnhorst- und Gneisenau-nachlass sowie aus offentlichen und privaten Sammlungen, v.1, American Historical Review, LXXII, no.3 (April 1967), 1011.

Paret, Peter. "Education, Politics, and War in the Life of Clausewitz." Journal of the History of Ideas, v.XXIX (1968), no.3, 394-408.

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz, Karl von." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, v.2. New York: Macmillan, 1968, 511-513.

Paret, Peter, "An Anonymous Letter by Clausewitz on the Polish Insurrection of 1830-1831." Journal of Modern History, no.2, 1970, 184-190.

Paret, Peter. "The Genesis of On War." Carl von Clausewitz, eds./trans. Michael Howard and Peter Paret. On War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976, 3-25.

Paret, Peter. Clausewitz and the State: The Man, His Theories, and His Times. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976, reissued 2007. ISBN 069100806X.

Paret, Peter. Review of Raymond Aron, Penser la guerre, Clausewitz: I, :L'age europeen; II, L'age planetaire. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Autumn 1977.

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz's Bicentennial Birthday." Air University Review, May-June 1980, 17-20.

Paret, Peter. "Kleist and Clausewitz: A Comparative Sketch." Manfred Schlenke, ed. Festschrift fur Eberhard Kessel. Munich: Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 1982.

Paret, Peter. "Revolutions in Warfare: An Earlier Generation of Interpreters." Bernard Brodie, Michael Intriligator, and Roman Kolkowicz, eds. National Security and International Stability. Cambridge, Mass.: Oegelschlager, Gunn, and Hain, 1983.

Paret, Peter. "Napoleon as Enemy." Clarence B. Davis, ed. Proceedings of the Thirteenth Consortium on Revolutionary Europe. Athens, Ga.: Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, 1985.

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz." Peter Paret, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986. 186-213.

Paret, Peter, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Paret, Peter. "Continuity and Discontinuity in Some Interpretations by Toqueville and Clausewitz." Journal of the History of Ideas, v. XLIX, no.1 (January-March 1988). 161-169.

Paret, Peter. "Carl von Clausewitz: Background-Theories-lnfluence." Proceedings of the Consortium on Revolutionary Europe, XVIII (1) (1989), pp.567-80.

Paret, Peter. "An Unknown Letter by Clausewitz." The Journal of Military History, April 1991, 143-151.

Paret, Peter. Review of Carl von Clausewitz,Schriften – Aufsätze – Studien – Briefe, Vol. II, Parts 1 and 2, ed. Werner Hahlweg (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Rupprecht, 1990). The Journal of Military History, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Oct., 1991), pp.536-537.

Paret, Peter. Understanding War: Essays on Clausewitz and the History of Military Power. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. Reviewed: C. Bassford, The International History Review, vol.XVI, no.3 (August 1994).

See JSTOR Listing of chapters, with DOI links and abstracts.

Paret, Peter. “Clausewitz as Historian.” In Peter Paret, ed. Understanding War:  Essays on Clausewitz and the History of Military Power. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992, 130-142.

Peter Paret, Clausewitz in His Time: Essays in the Cultural and Intellectual History of Thinking about War. Berghahn Books, 2015. ISBN: 978-178238-5813

Peter Paret, “Machiavelli, Fichte, and Clausewitz in the Labyrinth of German Idealism,” in “Machiavelli and the Making of German Identity,” ed. Laura A. Macor, Ethics and Politics 17, no. 3 (2015): 78–95.

Peter Paret, “On War Then and Now,” The Journal of Military History, 80:2 (April 2016), pp.477-85.

See also two items edited by Paret and Daniel Moran:

Clausewitz, Carl von. Two Letters on Strategy. Ed./trans. Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. Carlisle: Army War College Foundation, 1984.  (If you have difficulty with the format of the CSI version, try our local backup, in simplified HTML.)

Clausewitz, Carl von. Historical and Political Writings. Eds./trans. Peter Paret and Daniel Moran. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. Reviewed, C. Bassford, The International History Review, vol.XIV, no.4 (November 1992).

Paret, Peter. "Crossing Borders," The Journal of the Historical Society, Volume IV, Number 2, November 2002. This is an autobiographical article by Paret, not so much about Clausewitz as about the personal journey that took him to Clausewitz and elsewhere.

Paret, Peter. "From Ideal to Ambiguity: Johannes von Muller, Clausewitz, and the People in Arms." Journal of the History of Ideas, Volume 65, Number 1, January 2004, pp. 101-111.

Paret, Peter. The Cognitive Challenge of War: Prussia, 1806. Princeton University Press, 2009. ISBN 9780691135816. Reviewed by Eugenia C. Kiesling [USMA], Michigan War Studies Review, 7 JAN 2010.

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz: 'Half against my will, I have become a Professor.'" Journal of Military History, Vol.75, Issue 2 (April 2011), pp.591-602.

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz and Schlieffen as Interpreters of Frederick the Great: Three Phases in the History of Grand Strategy." Journal of Military History Vol. 76 Issue 3 (July 2012), pp.837-845.

Paret, Peter. "Note, Translation, Literal or Accurate." The Journal of Military History 78 (July 2014), pp.1077-1080. Paret takes Sumida to task for daring to be critical of one of the numerous bits of sloppiness in the Howard/Paret translation of Clausewitz's On War in Sumida's "Concordance" for On War. There's also an interesting (if counterproductive, given Paret's intent) discussion of the superior Jolles translation.

Paret, Peter. Clausewitz in His Time: Essays in the Cultural and Intellectual History of Thinking About War. New York/Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2015.

Contents:

Introduction

l. Text and Context: Two Paths to Clausewitz

2. A Learned Officer among Others

3. Frederick the Great as Interpreted by Clausewitz and Schlieffen: Three Phases in the History of Strategy

4. From Ideal to Ambiguity: Johannes von Müller, Clausewitz, and the People in Arms

5. "Half against My Will, I Have Become a Professor"

6. Two Historians on Defeat in War and Its Causes

Bibliography

 

Paret, Peter. "Clausewitz's Life and Work as a Subject of Historical Interpretation." The Journal of Military History 81 (July 2017), pp.829–837. This is an extended, very positive review of Bruno Colson's biography, in French, Clausewitz (Paris: Perrin, 2016) ISBN-10: 2262038384 — ISBN-13: 9782262038380

Paret, Peter."The Function of History in Clausewitz's Understanding of War." Journal of Military History, Vol. 82, No. 4 (October 2018), pp.1049-66. Abstract (by author): "Drawing on statements by Clausewitz long known but ignored, the article traces his early and soon dominant interest in the past as it develops out of his experiences as a child and young man to become a major element in his thinking about the present. The article points to his easy shifting back and forth between an exclusively military approach to the history of war and a more encompassing political, social, and cultural interpretation that emphasizes the psychological forces of leaders and followers, and comments as well on the relationship between his historical and his theoretical work. In noting some general issues that turn people into historians, while following the unique conditions that led to Clausewitz's massive historical writings, the article opens new perspectives on his thought and his times that may be worth pursuing further."

Paret, Peter. "The Impact of Clausewitz's Early Life on his Theories and Politics." Journal of Military History, Vol. 84, No. 1, January 2020, 35-50

Parkinson, Roger. Clausewitz: A Biography. New York: Stein and Day, 1971. [Reviewed by Bernard Brodie, "Clausewitz: a Passion for War," World Politics, 25, 2 (January 1973). 288-308; Bryan Ganaway (Department of History, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign), H-Net in the Humanities and Social Sciences, April, 2003. ISBN 0815412339.

Payne, Kenneth [KCL]. "Prospect theory and the defence in Clausewitz’s On War." Paper presented to the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, 16 March 2016, Atlanta, Georgia.

Payne, Kenneth [KCL]. “On the Psychology of Defense.” Blog entry, Defence-In-Depth, 23 March 2016.

Pedlow, Gregory W. "Wellington versus Clausewitz," in Carl von Clausewitz and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815, ed./trans. Christopher Bassford, Daniel Moran, and Gregory W. Pedlow (Clausewitz.com, 2010), pp.257-287. Reviews: MajGen/Dr. David T. Zabecki, The Journal of Military History, April 2011; Bruno Colson, "Clausewitz on Waterloo," War in History 19 (July 2012), pp.397-400.

Pelliccia, Antonio [Brigadier General, Italian Air Force] "Clausewitz and Soviet Politico-Military Strategy." Military Review, August 1976, 23-33.

Perlmutter, Amos. "Carl von Clausewitz, Enlightenment Philosopher: A Comparative Analysis." Journal of Strategic Studies, v.11, no.8 (March 1988), 8-19.

Perumal, C.A. & Patil, R.L.M. "National Interest and Political Leadership: a Clausewitzian Linkage." Indian Journal of Political Studies, 4 (2), July 1981, pp.50-61. (This is continued in ibid.5 (1-2), July 1981.

Peters, Ralph. "The New Strategic Trinity." Parameters, Winter 1998, 73-79. [Note.]

Peters, Ralph. "Why Clausewitz had it backward," Armed Forces Journal (July 2006).

Pickett, William B. "Eisenhower as a Student of Clausewitz," Military Review, July 1985, 21-27.

Pietersen, Willie [Professor of the Practice of Management at Columbia Business School]. "Von Clausewitz on War: Six Lessons for the Modern Strategist." Columbia Ideas at Work (blog), February 12, 2016. Blurb: "Written nearly two centuries ago, Carl von Clausewitz’s classic guide to military strategy, On War, remains essential reading for modern business strategists." [Alternate URL: https://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/articles/ideas-work/von-clausewitz-war-six-lessons-modern-strategist]

Pilcher, T.D. [Major-General, British Army]. War According to Clausewitz. London: Cassell, 1918. [Based on Graham translation and 4th German ed.]

Platias, Athanassios, and Constantinos Koliopoulos, “Grand Strategies Clashing: Athenian and Sparta Strategies in Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War,” Comparative Strategy, 21:2002, pp.377-399. This is an interesting though seriously flawed attempt to apply Hans Delbrück's exhaustion/annihilation framework to the Peloponnesian War. The authors do not seem to understand the relationship between the ideas of Delbrück and Clausewitz and portray the latter as a simplistic believer in direct annihilation strategies.

Playne, Caroline E. The Pre-War Mind in Britain: An Historical Review. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1928.

Pommerin, Reiner, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Pommerin, Colonel (res.) Prof. Dr. Reiner. "Clausewitz in a Global World," pp.12-14 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

[Pope-Hennessy, Major L.H.R. (Ladislaus Herbert Richard).] "The British Army and Modern Conceptions of War." Edinburgh Review, v.CCXIII, no.CCCCXXXVI (April 1911), 321-346.

[Pope-Hennessy, Major L.H.R.] "The Place of Doctrine in War." Edinburgh Review, v.CCXV, no.CCCCXXXIX (January 1912), 1-30.

[Pope-Hennessy, Major L.H.R.] "Great Britain, Germany and Limited War." Edinburgh Review, v.CCXV, no.CCCCXL (April 1912), 485-514.

Porch, Douglas. "Clausewitz and the French, 1871–1914." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 287–302; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 287-302.

Potgieter, Commander Dr. Thean and Dr. Francois Vreÿ. "The 'People in Arms' and the Liberation Struggle in South Africa: Can They be Linked?," pp. 287-311 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Potter, J. B. [grad student, Georgetown University, Washington, DC]. "Haunted by Clausewitz’s Ghost: Moral Forces in the Collapse of the Afghan Military." Military Review, NOV-DEC 2022.

Powers, Major [USA] S.J. Clausewitz vs. the Professional Ethic. [Paper, U.S. Naval War College.] Alexandria, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, 1987.

Prebilic, Prof. Dr. Vladimir and Jelena Juvan. "Clausewitz in a Post-Communist State: A Case Study of Slovenia," pp.264-287 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Proença, Domício Júnior and E. E. Duarte. "The Concept of Logistics Derived from Clausewitz: All That Is Required So That the Fighting Force Can Be Taken As a Given." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 28, Issue 4 (August 2005), pp.645–677. Abstract: "This article assesses the existing literature on logistics in war, concluding that there is no satisfactory conceptual definition of logistics. It proposes a concept of logistics derived from Clausewitz’s theory of war to fill that void. This is presented as a derivation because Clausewitz’s distinction between (1) the use of the fighting forces (tactics and strategy) and (2) all other activities in war that were required so that forces could be taken as a given. The latter, left unnamed by Clausewitz, corresponds to a concept of logistics that proves to be an analytical peer to Clausewitz’s categories of politics, tactics and strategy."

Proença, Domìcio Junior, and Diniz, Eugenio [Brazil]. “A Criterion for Settling Inconsistencies in Clausewitz’s On War,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 35, Issue 1, 2012, pp.1-24.

Pugh, David Alexander. "War and the Civilian in the Thought of Clausewitz." An amended version of a research paper submitted to Swansea University in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy. 19 May 2014. This is an MPhil dissertation. Abstract: "Despite the enduring interest in the written work of Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831) there appears to be shortage of studies focusing specifically on what he had to say about the matter of civilians or non-combatants in war. After extensive consultation with primary and secondary sources this dissertation will argue that Clausewitz wrote a lot more on this subject than is commonly acknowledged. He was aware that civilian suffering was not simply an accidental by-product of war but also the result of deliberate strategic intent to compel an enemy to do one's will. Clausewitz did not endorse such methods because he had a moral and theoretical preference for decisive battles between conventional armed forces. He tended to dismiss violence against civilian persons and property as morally wrong, militarily ineffective and politically counter-productive."

Pugh, David. "Clausewitz and the Polish Insurrection of 1830-1." Paper, Academy.edu, 10 November 2014.

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Rafuse, Ethan S. "McClellan, von Clausewitz, and the Politics of War." Columbiad, v.1, no.3 (Fall 1997).

Rasmussen, Dr. Mikkel Vedby [Institute of Political Science, University of Copenhagen.]. "The Acme of Skill: Clausewitz, Sun Tzu and the Revolutions in Military Affairs." Paper to be presented at the ECPR workshop on Theories of War, Grenoble, France. April 2001.

Rauchensteiner, Hofrat Dr. Manfried. "A Fixed Star in a Galaxy of Quotes—Clausewitz and Austria," pp.15-31 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Razin, Professor Colonel E. [Red Army] “Clausewitz and the Communist Party Line: A Pronouncement by Stalin.” Contains introduction and translation by Paul M. Kober; letter to Stalin by Professor Colonel E. Razin [Red Army], January 30, 1946; reply to Razin by J. Stalin, February 23, 1946. Military Affairs, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Summer, 1949), pp. 75-78.

Reemtsma, Jan Philipp. “The Concept of the War of Annihilation: Clausewitz, Ludendorff, Hitler.” In War of Extermination: The German Military in World War II, 1941-1944, edited by Hannes Heer and Klaus Naumann, 13-35. New York: Berghahn Books, 2000.

Regier, Willis G. "The Essence of War: Clausewitz as Educator," review article, The Chronicle of Higher Education, August 3, 2009.

Regier, Willis G. "The Essence of War: Clausewitz as Educator," The Chronicle of Higher Education, 3 AUG 2009.

Reid, Brian Holden. "Clausewitz." History of European Ideas, Volume 10, Issue 3, January 1989, pages 381-382.

Reid, Julian. "Foucault on Clausewitz: Conceptualizing the Relationship Between War and Power." Alternatives 28 (2003), pp.1-28.

Reimann, Guenter Hans. Germany: World Empire or World Revolution. London: Secker and Warburg, 1938.

Rekkedal, Nils Marius [Lieutenant Colonel, Norwegian army; professor of military theory, Swedish National Defence College]. "Exploring the Common Ground of the Debates on the  Revolution in Military Affairs and Non-State Warfare." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Renard, Thomas and Stéphane Taillat. "Between Clausewitz and Mao: Dynamic Evolutions of the Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Iraq (2003-2008)." Small Wars Journal, October 14, 2008.

Renn, Ludwig [pseud. for Arnold F. Vieth von Grolssenau]. Warfare: The Relation of Warfare to Society. New York: Oxford University Press, 1939.

Repington, Lieutenant-Colonel Charles à Court. [See also "Military Correspondent of the Times."] Vestigia. London: Constable, 1919.

Reynolds, Charles. "Carl von Clausewitz and Strategic Theory." British Journal of International Studies, v.4 (1978), 178-190.

Rich, Paul B. [Centre of International Studies, University of Cambridge]. "Theories of Globalisation and Sub-State Conflict." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Ritter, Gerhard. The Sword and the Scepter, 4 vols. Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami Press, 1969-73.Roberts,

Roberts, Geoffrey. Stalin's Library: A Dictator and His Books. Yale University Press, 2022. ISBNs: ‎ 0300179049, 9780300179040. Contains some interesting tidbits on Soviet debate about Clausewitz in Stalin's era.

Robinson, Oliver Prescott. The Fundamentals of Military Strategy. Washington, D.C.: United States Infantry Association, 1928.

Rodriguez, Celia A. and Shields, Patricia. “Woman ‘On War’: Marie von Clausewitz’s Essential Contribution to Military Philosophy.”  Minerva  11, no. 3/4 (Fall/Winter, 1993), pp.5-10.

Roennfeldt, Carsten F. "Productive War: A Re-Conceptualisation of War." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 34, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 39–62.

Rogers, Clifford J. "Clausewitz, Genius, and the Rules." The Journal of Military History 66 (October 2002), pp.1167-1176. (See also Reply by Jon Sumida.)

Rogers, Clifford J.  "Assessing the Wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon: Clausewitz and Jomini." (E-book chapter.) In The West Point History of Warfare, ed. Clifford J. Rogers and Ty Seidule; chapter eds. Clifford J. Rogers and John Stapleton, Jr.  New York: Rowan Technology Solutions, 2017. To access the chapter one has to create an account and purchase it via www.westpointhistoryofwarfare.com.

Romjue, John L. "AirLand Battle: The Historical Background." Military Review, March 1986.

Romjue, John L. From Active Defense to AirLand Battle: The Development of Army Doctrine, 1973-1982. Fort Monroe, VA: TRADOC, 1984.

Rosato, Sebastian. "Clausewitz's Intellectual Journey." Review of Politics Vol. 70 Issue 3 (Summer 2008), pp.510-513. This article reviews Clausewitz's Puzzle: The Political Theory of War, by Andreas Herberg-Rothe.

Rosello, Victor M. "Clausewitz's Contempt for Intelligence." Parameters, Spring 1991, 103-114.

Rosen, Lieutenant Colonel (ret.) Prof. Dr. Freiherr Claus von, and Colonel Dr. Uwe Hartmann, "The Reception of Clausewitz in Germany," pp.123-150 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Rosenbaum, Edward. "Penser la guerre: Clausewitz" (review essay). History and Theory, vol.XVII, no.2, 1978, pp.235-240.

Rosinski, Herbert. Review "IMS: Captain Falls on Modern Warfare." [Review of Cyril Falls, The Nature of Modern Warfare.] Infantry Journal, v.L, no.1 (January 1942), 78-81.

Rosinski, Herbert. "Clausewitz Today." [Review of Joseph I. Greene, ed., The Living Thoughts of Clausewitz.] Infantry Journal, October 1943. 59-65.

Rosinski, Herbert. "The Evolution of Total War." [Review of Edward Mead Earle, ed., Makers of Modern Strategy.] Infantry Journal, December 1943, 57-59.

Rosinski, Herbert. "Scharnhorst to Schlieffen: The Rise and Decline of German Military Thought." United States Naval War College Review, Summer 1976, 83-103.

Rosinski, Herbert. The Development of Naval Thought. Newport, RI: Naval War College Press, 1977.

Rosinski, Herbert. The German Army. New York: Praeger, 1939, 1940, 1966.

Rosinski, Herbert. Power and Human Destiny. New York: Praeger, 1965.

Roth, Gunter. "The Thought of Annihilation in the Military Doctrine of Carl von Clausewitz and Count Alfred von Schlieffen. "Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt, ed. Operational Thinking in Clausewitz, Moltke, Schlieffen and Manstein. Bonn: E.S. Mittler and Son, 1988.

Rothfels, Hans. "Clausewitz." Edward Mead Earle, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to Hitler. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1944. 93-115.

Rotte, Ralph, and Christoph Schwarz, eds., International Security and War: Politics and Grand Strategy in the 21st Century. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2011. ISBNs 1616684178, 9781616684174. Amazon listing. Discussions of Clausewitz occur in most of the articles in this book, including

CONTENTS

Ralph Rotte and Christoph Schwarz, "Overview: Policy and Grand Strategy in the 21" Century: The Continuing Relevance of War and Politics"

Colin S. Gray, "Approaching the Study of Strategy"

Hew Strachan, "The Utility of Strategy"

Albert A. Stahel, "The Evolution of Strategic Thought Since the 19th Century: The German Moltke-Schlieffen-Ludendorff-Triad vs. British Liddell Hart"

Christopher Bassford, "The Strange Persistence of Trinitarian Warfare"

David J. Lonsdale, "The Way Ahead: Strategic Studies in the 21st Century"

Andreas Herberg-Rothe, "The Re-Politicization of War and Violent Conflict: The World Powers Are Striking Back"

Rowan-Robinson, H. Security?: A Study of Our Military Position. London: Methuen, 1935.

Rowan-Robinson, H. Imperial Defence: A Problem in Four Dimensions. London: Frederick Muller, Ltd., 1938.

Roxborough, Ian. "Clausewitz and the Sociology of War." British Journal of Sociology 45 (Dec '94), pp.619-636.

Ryan, W. Michael. "The Invasion Controversy of 1906-1908: Lieutenant Charles á Court Repington and British Perceptions of the German Menace." Military Affairs, v.44, no.1 (February 1980), 8-12.

Ryan, W. Michael. Lieutenant-Colonel Charles á Court Repington: A Study in the Interaction of Personality, the Press, and Power. New York: Garland, 1987.

Rylander, R. Lynn. "Mao as a Clausewitzian Strategist." Military Review, v.61 (1981), no.8, 13-21.

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SAASS [School of Advanced Airpower Studies] students. "SAASS Comps Prep Wiki." This appears to be a pre-exam student crammer on Clausewitz.

Salmoni, Barak A. Salmoni [RAND Corporation], and Paula Holmes-Eber ["Professor of Operational Culture," MCU]. Operational Culture For the Warfighter: Principles and Applications. Quantico, VA: Marine Corps University Press, 2008.

Samuels, Martin. "Friction, Chaos and Order(s): "Clausewitz, Boyd and Command Approaches." Journal of Military and Strategic Studies, Vol. 15, Issue 4, 2014, pp.38-75.

Satkiewicz, Stephen T. "War As a Complex Reality: Comparative Analysis of the Studies on War and Peace by Clausewitz and Pitirim Sorokin." Biocosmology – Neo-Aristotelism, Vol. 10, Nos. 3&4, Summer/Autumn 2020.

Sava, George [pseud. for G.A.M. Milkomane]. School for War. London: Faber, 1942.

Sayigh, Yezid [senior fellow at the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut]. "Clausewitz in Syria," Al-Hayat, October 14, 2016. Not the usual shallow "Clausewitzian analysis" of current events.

Scales, Robert H. [Maj. Gen., Ret. from USA]. "Clausewitz and World War IV." Armed Forces Journal (July 2006).

Scheipers, Sibylle. "Moral force in war : Clausewitz and hybrid warfare." In Bettina Renz and Hanna Smith, eds. After 'Hybrid' Warfare, What Next?: Understanding and Responding to Contemporary Russia. Vol. 44/2016 Prime Minister's Office, Finland, 2016. pp.11-13 (Publications of the Government's analysis, assessment and research activities ). This chapter is in English.

Scheipers, Sibylle. Review of Carl von Clausewitz, Christopher Daase and James W. Davis, eds, Clausewitz on Small War (Oxford University Press, 2015) Small Wars & Insurgencies, Vol.27 (2016), No.2, pp.345-49. This article includes as response by the book's editors.

Scheipers, Sibylle. "'The most beautiful of wars': Carl von Clausewitz and small wars." European Journal of International Security, 2017, Vol.2, No.1, pp.47-63.

Scheipers, Sibylle. "'The Most Beautiful of Wars': Carl von Clausewitz and Moral Victories, in Cian O'Driscoll, Andrew Hom and Kurt Mills (eds.) Moral Victories (Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming 2017)

Scheipers, Sibylle. On Small War: Carl von Clausewitz and People's War (Oxford University Press, 2018). Reviewed: James W. Davis [U. St. Gallen, Switzerland], Contemporary Political Theory (2018), doi: 10.1057/s41296-018-0272-x.

Scheipers, Sibylle. "'Do not despair at your fate': Carl von Clausewitz in French Captivity, 1806–1807." War in History. Published on-line, May 27, 2019. Abstract: "Carl von Clausewitz's time in French captivity is well documented, but has never been studied in its own right. However, it is both fascinating and relevant, as Clausewitz's experience of captivity took place against the backdrop of the nationalization of war and the concomitant politicization of prisoners in war. Clausewitz framed his observations by contrasting the 'French' and the 'German' national characters. While Germany as a political identity ceased to play a role for Clausewitz after his return to Prussia, he held on to his characterization of the French as a politically backward society and, ultimately, as an empire in decline."

Schmelzer, Paul. "Clausewitz and Mao." Master's thesis, Colorado State University, 1989. [Schmelzer also obtained a Ph.D. in 2010 from Texas Christian University for his dissertation, ""A Strong Mind: A Clausewitzian Biography of U.S. Grant."]

Schmitt, Carl. The Theory of the Partisan: A Commentary/Remark on the Concept of the Political. Trans. A.C. Goodson. Michigan State University Press, 2004. (Originally Theorie des Partisanen. Zwischenbemerkung zum Begriff des Politischen. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1963). Schmitt (1888-1985), was a German Catholic legal and political thinker prominent during the Weimar and Nazi eras and has experienced a resurgence of influence (on both right and left) in recent years. There are at least 40 references to Clausewitz in this 78-page work, which offers an "implicit theory of terror."

Schmitt, Carl. Theory of the Partisan: Intermediate Commentary on the Concept of the Political. Trans. G. L. Ulmen. Telos Press, 2007. ISBNs: 0914386336, 978-0914386339

Schneider, James J., and Lawrence J. Izzo. "Clausewitz's Elusive Center of Gravity." Parameters, v.XVII, no.3 (September 1987), 46-57.

Schneider, James J. "The Loose Marble—and the Origins of Operational Art." Parameters, March 1989, 85-99.

School for Advanced Military Studies (SAMS). "Guide to the Study of Clausewitz, On War." Fort Leavenworth, SAMS, undated (c.1986).

Schuddekopf, O.-E. "Clausewitz in England." Deutsche Wehr, Nr. 25 v.23. 6. 1939.

Schratz, Paul R. [Captain, USN]. "Clausewitz, Cuba, and Command." United States Naval Institute Proceedings, August 1964, 24-33.

Schrijver, Nico. "NATO in Kosovo: Humanitarian Intervention Turns into Von Clausewitz War." International Law FORUM du Droit International Vol. 1 Issue 3 (August 1999), pp.155-159. DOI: 10.1163/15718049920962142

Schurman, Donald M. The Education of a Navy: The Development of British Naval Strategic Thought, 1867-1914. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965.

Schurman, Donald M. Julian S. Corbett, 1854-1922: Historian of British Maritime Policy from Drake to Jellicoe. London: Royal Historical Society, 1981.

Schurman, Donald M. "Mahan Revisited." John B. Hattendorf and Robert S. Jordan, eds. Maritime Strategy and the Balance of Power. London: Macmillan, 1989.

Schurz, Carl, ed. Carl L. [Lincoln] Schurz. The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz, v.2. New York: The McClure Company, 1907.

Schuurman, Bart (University of Utrecht). "Clausewitz and the 'New Wars' Scholars." Parameters, Spring 2010, pp.89-100.

Schuurman, Paul. "War as a System: A Three-Stage Model for the Development of Clausewitz’s Thinking on Military Conflict and Its Constraints." The Journal of Strategic Studies, 2014, Vol. 37, Nos. 6–7, pp.926–948. DOI: 10.1080/01402390.2014.933316

Schuurman, Paul. "Clausewitz on Real War." Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, 26 (2014), pp.372-379. DOI: 10.1080/10402659.2014.937995. Also: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2014.937995

Schuurman, Paul [Faculty of Philosophy, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands]. "What-If at Waterloo. Carl von Clausewitz's use of historical counterfactuals in his history of the Campaign of 1815." The Journal of Strategic Studies, vol. 40 (2017), no. 7, 1016–1038. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2017.1308862. [Local back-up.]

Schweizer, Karl W. "Clausewitz Revisited." The European Legacy, Volume 14, Issue 4, July 2009, pages 457-461.

Seager, Robert. Alfred Thayer Mahan: The Man and his Letters. Annapolis: US Naval Institute Press, 1978.

Sharma, Vivek A. "A Social Theory of War: Clausewitz and War Reconsidered." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the APSA 2008 Annual Meeting, Hynes Convention Center, Boston, Massachusetts, Aug 28, 2008. Apparently published in the Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2013.872600.

Sharpe, Kenneth E. "The Military, the Drug War and Democracy in Latin America: What Would Clausewitz Tell Us?" Gabriel Marcella, ed. Warriors in Peacetime: The Military and Democracy in Latin America. London: Frank Cass, 1994.

Shaw, Martin. Dialectics of War: An Essay in the Social Theory of Total War and Peace. Pluto Press, 1988; theglobalsite.ac.uk, 2002; republished by the author, 2010; available via academia.edu. This essay, a post-Marxist treatise by a British sociologist, is rooted in a remarkably deep and [generally] accurate appreciation of Clausewitz's thinking. We find it useful particularly for its discussion of the notion of "total war" (a term that Clausewitz neither coined nor used, and which is not in any meaningful sense synonymous to Clausewitz's superficially similar-sounding terms "absolute war," "ideal war," or "real war").

Shephard, John E., Jr. [Major, USA]. "Is Clausewitz Still Relevant?" Parameters, September 1990, 85-99.

Shotwell, James. War as an Instrument of National Policy: And its Renunciation in the Pact of Paris. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1929.

Shy, John. "Jomini." Peter Paret, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Sidoti, Capt Anthony F. (USAF), "The Relevance of Carl Von Clausewitz in Operation Iraqi Freedom," Air & Space Power Chronicles, 21 January 2004.

Simpson, B.M.. III. "The Essential Clausewitz." Naval War College Review, March-April 1982, 54-61.

Simpson, Brooks. Let Us Have Peace: Ulysses S. Grant and the Politics of War and Reconstruction, 1861-1868 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991).

Simpson, Emile. "Clausewitz's Theory of War and Victory in Contemporary Conflict." Parameters 47(4) Winter 2017–18, pp.7-18.

Sked, Alan. "Clausewitz." Edward De Bono. The Greatest Thinkers. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1976. 133-136.

Smith, Dan. "Just War, Clausewitz and Sarajevo." Journal of Peace Research 31 (May 1994), pp.136-142.

Smith, Colonel [USMC] George W. "Clausewitz in the 1970s: RX for Dilemma." Military Review, July 1972, 85-93.

Smith H[ugh]. "The Womb of War: Clausewitz and International Politics." Review of International Studies, 16:1, 1 (JAN 1990), pp.39-58.

Smith, Hugh. On Clausewitz: A Study of Military and Political Ideas. (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005). ISBN 1403935874. Reviewed: Ian Garrick Mason, TLS, April 1, 2005; Barry W. Watts, Joint Forces Quarterly, issue 42, 3rd quarter 2006.

Smith, Hugh, "Clausewitz as Sociologist," Infinity Journal Special Edition, "Clausewitz and Contemporary Conflict," February 2012, pp.12-15. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Smith, Hugh [Australia]. "Co-Opting Clausewitz: Using On War to Explain Success and Failure in the War in Ukraine." Military Strategy Magazine, Volume 9, Issue 1 (Summer 2023), pp.4-8.

"Clausewitz’s understanding of the nature and function of war reflected the circumstances of his era. Over the years his analysis has come under serious challenge from various quarters, especially in recent decades. This article examines Clausewitz’s perception of war and considers the extent to which it has stood the test of time.

Smith, Major [USAF] James B. "Some Thoughts on Clausewitz and Airplanes." Air University Review, v.XXXVII, May-June 1986, 52-59.

Smith, Mark A. "Sherman"s Unexpected Companions: Marching through Georgia with Jomini and Clausewitz." Georgia Historical Quarterly, 81 (1997), 1"24.

Smith, M.L.R. [Lecturer, Department of War Studies, King"s College London]. "War and Only War: Analysing the False Categories of Low Intensity Conflict." In Angstrom, Jan, and Duyvesteyn, Isabelle, eds., The Nature of Modern War: Clausewitz and His Critics Revisited (Stockholm, Sweden: Department of War Studies, Swedish National Defence College [Krigsvetenskapliga Institutionen, Försvarshögsk], 2003.

Smith, M.L.R. [Lecturer, Department of War Studies, King"s College London]. "Strategy in the Age of 'Low Intensity' Warfare: Why Clausewitz Is Still More Relevant than His Critics," in Isabelle Duyvesteyn and Jan Angstrom, eds., Rethinking the Nature of War (New York: Frank Cass, 2005).

Smith, M.L.R. [Research Associate in the Office of the Dean of Humanities, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa and Professor of Strategic Theory at King’s College London]. “The Occam’s Razor of Strategic Theory: The Relevance of Clausewitz for Political Conduct,” Military Strategy Magazine, Special Edition, “The Continuing Relevance of Clausewitz," December 2020, pages 28-32.

"While it may be contended that much of Clausewitz’s writings are of limited relevance to contemporary military practice, his injunctions about the relationship between war and policy contain an enduring significance for political conduct more generally, especially in the accentuation of the need to act with proportionality and the problems that are created when this principle is ignored."

Smith, General Sir Rupert. The Utility of Force. The Art of War in the Modern World. London: Penguin Books, 2006, 428 p. ISBN 014102044X

Snyder, Jack. The Ideology of the Offensive: Military Decision Making and the Disasters of 1914. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1984.

Sobchak, Frank. “Clausewitz: ‘On Afghanistan.’” Military Review, 85 (2005): 89-91.

Souchon, Lennart. Strategy in the 21st Century: The Continuing Relevance of Carl von Clausewitz. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2020. ISBNs: 3030460274 - 978-3030460273.

Souchon, Lennart, “Strategy, War, and the Relevance of Carl von Clausewitz,” Military Strategy Magazine, Special Edition, “The Continuing Relevance of Clausewitz," December 2020, pages 33-37.

"The article discusses the continued relevance of Clausewitz’s main lines of thought. The author argues that On War introduces five interrelated basic ideas (Hauptlineamente), which offer a timeless method to develop military strategies since they shape how to think rather than what to think about war. Using these lines of thought, the article offers a structured approach to developing a war plan."

Souillac, Geneviève. "Violence, Mimesis, and War." Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice 26, pp.342–350. DOI: 10.1080/10402659.2014.937991

Spanier, John W. The Truman-MacArthur Controversy and the Korean War. New York: Norton, 1959, 1965.

Spector, Ronald. Professors of War: The Naval War College and the Development of the Naval Profession. Newport, RI: Naval War College Press, 1977.

Speier, Hans. "Ludendorff: The German Concept of Total War." Edward Mead Earle, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: Military Thought from Machiavelli to Hitler. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1944. 306-321.

Spellberg, Brad [MD, then Assistant Professor of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA]. "Clausewitz and Cholera: The Cause of World War II?" Journal of Medical Biography (2005; 13:108-112). doi: 10.1177/096777200501300211. PMID: 19813314. Abstract: "Here it is proposed that, by killing Prussian Major General Carl von Clausewitz before he could complete the work on his military text On War, cholera strongly influenced the nature of World War I (1914–18) and, by direct extension, contributed to the cause of World War II (1939–45)."

Stahl, A.E., "Viable Targets? Hamas Centers of Gravity," Infinity Journal, Volume 3, Issue No. 2, Spring 2013, pages 9-12. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Stalin, J. “Clausewitz and the Communist Party Line: A Pronouncement by Stalin.” Contains introduction and translation by Paul M. Kober; letter to Stalin by Professor Colonel E. Razin [Red Army], January 30, 1946; reply to Razin by J. Stalin, February 23, 1946. Military Affairs, Vol. 13, No. 2 (Summer, 1949), pp. 75-78.

Statman, Daniel. "Ending War Short of Victory? A Contractarian View of Jus Ex Bello." Ethics 125 (April 2015), pp.720–750. See also Statman's paper by the same title. Article abstract: "In light of the enormous suffering brought about by war, war might be justified only if the benefit it yields is significant enough, namely, a clear and durable victory over the enemy. The logic of this argument leads to a Clausewitz-style war of “annihilation.” I argue that the best way to justify the ending of war short of such annihilation is by relying on a contractarian view of jus ex bello. I conclude by exploring the implications of this view to warfare in which no effective social contract is in place." Clausewitz.com editor's note: This is an argument for not settling for anything less than the enemy's annihilation, which is certainly not Clausewitz's position. Statman's coincept need, at the very least, a great deal of clarification.

Staudenmaier, W.O. "Vietnam, Mao and Clausewitz." Parameters, v.VII, no.1 (1977), 79-89. [Local backup]

Stebbins, Richard P. The Career of Herbert Rosinski: An Intellectual Pilgrimage. New York: Peter Lang, 1989.

Steiner, Barry H. "Using the Absolute Weapon: Early Ideas of Bernard Brodie on Atomic Strategy." The Journal of Strategic Studies, December 1984, 365-393.

Steiner, Barry H. "Psychological and Psychoanalytical Interpretations of Clausewitz."  Bernard Brodie and the Foundations of American Nuclear Strategy. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1991. 217-225.

Stinemetz, Steven D. "Clausewitz or Khan? The Mongol Method of Military Success." Parameters, Spring 1984, 71-80.

Stoker, Donald [Naval War College at the Naval Postgraduate School]. Clausewitz: His Life and Work. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014, ISBN: 0199357943.

Stoker, Donald A. Why America Loses Wars: Limited War and U.S. Strategy from the Korean War to the Present. Cambridge University Press, 2019. Reviewed: Patrick Brady, "An Unlimited Attack on Limited War Draws a Counterattack on Theory," RealClearDefense.com, 20 June 2020.

Stoler, Mark A. "War and Diplomacy: Or, Clausewitz for Diplomatic Historians." Diplomatic History, Vol. 29, No. 1 (January 2005). The Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR) presidential address. See also commentary by Sally Marks, independent historian, published by H-Diplo on 20 April 2005. Article abstract: "This article discusses Clausewitz for diplomatic historians. On the evening of 21 March 2003, just a few days into the war against Iraq, conservative columnist David Brooks said on Jim Lehrer's PBS NewsHour that he has been surprised by how it is all going. They have the secretary of defense negotiating surrender terms before we even engage the enemy. Conservative viewers that night might have expected such ignorance about the nature of war from liberals like Shields, whom they claim do not understand the ways of the world. But Brooks was supposedly a well-read, historically knowledgeable, hard-headed and thoughtful conservative."

Stone, John. "The Influence of Clausewitz on GFR Henderson's Military Histories." In Stefan Berger, ed., Historikerdialoge: Geschichte, Mythos und Gedachtnis im deutsch-britischen kulturellen Austausch 1750-2000. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2003, pp.197-218.

Stone, John. "Clausewitz's Trinity and Contemporary Conflict," Civil Wars, v.9, no.3 (September 2007), 282-296.

Stone, John. "Technology and War: A Trinitarian Analysis", Defense & Security Analysis, v.23, no.1 (March 2007), 27-40.

Stone, David R. "Misreading Svechin: Attrition, Annihilation, and Historicism," The Journal of Military History 76 (July 2012): 673-693.

Strachan, Hew. Ch.7, "Clausewitz and the Rise of Prussian Military Hegemony," in Strachan, European Armies and the Conduct of War. London: Unwin Hyman Ltd, 1983. 90-107.

Strachan, Hew. From Waterloo to Balaclava: Tactics, Technology, and the British Army, 1815-1854. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Strachan, Hew. Clausewitz's On War: A Biography. Atlantic Monthly Press, series Books That Changed the World, 2007. ISBN 0871139561

Strachan, Hew. "A Clausewitz for Every Season." The American Interest, Volume 2, Number 6, July - August 2007. Abstract

Strachan, Hew. Clausewitz's On War (Books That Changed the World). New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2006. ISBN: 0871139561. Reviewed: Moran, Daniel. Journal of Military History, Apr2008, Vol. 72 Issue 2, pp. `627-628.

Strachan, Hew, and Herberg-Rothe, Andreas, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century. Oxford University Press, 2007. ISBN 0199232024. Reviewed, James Woudhuysen, "Clausewitz after 9/11," The Spiked Review of Books, Issue No.6, October 2007.

CONTENTS:

• Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, "Introduction"

1. Hew Strachan, "Clausewitz and the Dialectics of War"

2. Alan Beyerchen, "Clausewitz and the Non-Linear Nature of War: Systems of Organized Complexity"

3. Jan Willem Honig, "Clausewitz"s On War: Problems of Text and Translation"

4. Christopher Bassford, "The Primacy of Policy and the "Trinity" in Clausewitz"s Mature Thought"

5. Daniel Moran "The Instrument: Clausewitz on Aims and Objectives in War"

6. Ulrike Kleemeier, "Moral Forces in War"

7. José Fernández Vega, "War as "Art": Aesthetics and Politics in Clausewitz"s Social Thinking"

8. Beatrice Heuser, "Clausewitz's Ideas of Strategy and Victory"

9. Jon Sumida, "On Defence as the Stronger Form of War"

10. Christopher Daase, "Clausewitz and Small Wars"

11. Antulio J. Echevarria II, "Clausewitz and the Nature of the War on Terror"

12. Herfried Münkler, "Clausewitz and the Privatization of War"

13. David Lonsdale, "Clausewitz and Information Warfare

14. Benoît Durieux, "Clausewitz and the Two Temptations of Modern Strategic Thinking"

15. Wilfried von Bredow, "Civil"Military Relations and Democracies"

16. Andreas Herberg-Rothe, "Clausewitz and a New Containment: the Limitation of War and Violence"

Strachan, Hew. "Clausewitz and the Dialectics of War." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford. Oxford University Press, 2007. ISBN 0199232024

Strachan, Hew. "Clausewitz and the First World War." Journal of Military History, Vol.75, Issue 2 (April 2011), pp.367-391. Posted to The Clausewitz Homepage with the permission of The Journal of Military History. This is the 2010 George C. Marshall Lecture in Military History. Abstract (by Strachan): "English-language authors have blamed Clausewitz twice over for his part in the First World War. Liddell Hart attributed to him a doctrine of "absolute war," embraced by European general staffs and emulated by the British. More recent scholars have seen the war as lacking a political rationale and so contradicting what is today the best-known of the nostrums of On War. But that was not the case before 1914, when Clausewitz's text was interpreted in different but equally valid lights. This article analyses how On War was read by the principal belligerents both during the war and in its immediate aftermath." Strachan's original lecture is also available as a video.

Strachan, Hew. "The Case for Clausewitz: Reading On War Today," Chapter 3 of The Direction of War: Contemporary Strategy in Historical Perspective. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2013, pp.46-63.

Strachan, Hew and Ruth Harris, The Utility of Military Force and Public Understanding in Today's Britain. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2020. Downloadable for personal use. Research Question: What do the conflicts of the last 30 years reveal to us (the general public and current political generation) about the changing dynamics of the Clausewitzian Trinity (focusing on the "secondary trinity"—i.e., the "people/army/government" sociopolitical model that Clausewitz used in illustrating the primary idea), and what does this say about the utility of force in the 21st Century?

Strachan, Hew. "The Elusive Meaning and Enduring Relevance of Clausewitz." in Hal Brands, ed., The New Makers of Modern Strategy: From the Ancient World to the Digital Age. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2023, pp. 116-144.

Strange, Dr. Joe. Centers of Gravity & Critical Vulnerabilities: Building on the Clausewitzian Foundation So That We Can All Speak the Same Language. Quantico, VA: Marine Corps University, series "Perspectives on Warfighting" number four, 1996.

Strange, Joseph L. and Richard Iron. “Center of Gravity: What Clausewitz Really Meant.” Joint Force Quarterly, Issue 35: 20-27.

Stuart, Reginald C. "Clausewitz and the Americans: Bernard Brodie and Others on War and Policy." War and Society: A Yearbook of Military History, v.2. New York: Holmes and Meier, 1977.

Sude, LTC [Bundeswehr] Gertmann. "Clausewitz in U.S. and German Doctrine." Military Review, June 1986, 39-47.

Sumida, Jon T. Inventing Grand Strategy and Teaching Command: The Classic Works of Alfred Thayer Mahan Reconsidered. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins, 1997. [See esp. Chapters 4 and 6.]

Sumida, Jon T. “History and Theory: the Clausewitzian Ideal and Its Implications,” in David Stevens and John Reeve, ed. Southern Trident: Strategy, History and the Rise of Australian Naval Power (Crows Nest [Sydney]: Allen and Unwin, 2001). Sample of text.

Sumida, Jon T. "The Relationship between History and Theory in On War: the Clausewitzian Ideal and Its Implications." Journal of Military History, 65 (April 2001), pp.333-54. See also Clifford J. Rogers, “Clausewitz, Genius, and the Rules” [a nine-page reaction to my article], and “Response by Jon Sumida to the Remarks by Dr. Rogers,” Journal of Military History (October 2002).

Sumida, Jon T. "On Defense as the Stronger Form of War" (draft, 15 March 2005). Paper delivered at the University of Oxford, March 2005.

Sumida, Jon. "On Defence as the Stronger Form of War." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp.163-181. ISBN 0199232024

Sumida, Jon Tetsuro. Decoding Clausewitz: A New Approach to On War. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 2008. ISBN 9780700616169. Preface and Table of Contents. See also Preface to the (revised) paperback edition.

REVIEWS:

Nikolas Gardner (Air War College), Air Force Research Institute (AFRI), 7/23/2010.

Eugenia C. Kiesling, Army History, Summer 2010, pp.46-48. (PDF) (HTML)

Janeen Klinger, Parameters, Vol. 39, No. 3 (Autumn 2009), pp. 133-135. Local copy (HTML).

John T. Kuehn, Joint Force Quarterly, No. 54 (Third Quarter 2009), p. 140.

Brian Holden Reid, The Journal of Modern History, Vol. 82, No. 2 (June 2010), pp.441-443.

John Shy, Journal of Military History, Vol. 73, No. 2 (April 2009), pp. 642-644.

James E. Varner [LTC, US Army, Military Review (Jan-Feb. 2009), pp. 119-120. Local copy of text.

J. Alex Vohr, Marine Corps Gazette (March 2009), “Is Clausewitz Still Relevant,” pp. 62-63.

Sumida, Jon T. "The Clausewitz Problem." Army History, Fall 2009, pp.17-21.

Sumida, Jon. “A Concordance of Selected Subjects in Carl von Clausewitz’s On War.” The Journal of Military History, 78:1 (January 2014): 271-331. SEE ALSO: Sumida, Jon. “A[n Unabridged] Concordance of Selected Subjects in Carl von Clausewitz’s On War.” Posted to ClausewitzStudies.org with the permission of JMH. The unabridged text presented here differs from the published abridged text by providing references to book and selected chapter titles, and by incorporating a number of additional references, rephrased references, and minor corrections.

This concordance of the standard English translation of Carl von Clausewitz’s On War by Michael Howard and Peter Paret breaks new ground in two important respects. First, it indexes the text in unprecedented detail by listing references to every significant proposition and distinctive phrase under major subject headings. Second, information about the location of indexed items includes the book and chapter of On War, and page numbers in both current editions of the standard translation.

See Paret, Peter. "Note, Translation, Literal or Accurate." The Journal of Military History 78 (July 2014), pp.1077-1080. Paret takes Sumida to task for daring to be critical of one of the numerous bits of sloppiness in the Howard/Paret translation of Clausewitz's On War. There's an interesting (if counterproductive, given Paret's intent) discussion of the superior Jolles translation. [See also ClausewitzStudies.org, "Indexes to On War."]

Sumida, Jon Tetsuro. "Clausewitz, Carl von." Encyclopedia of Military Science. Ed. G. Kurt Piehler. Vol. 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference, 2013, pp.330-333. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Summers, Harry G., Jr. On Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the Vietnam War. Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1982.

Summers, Harry G., Jr. "Clausewitz and Strategy Today." Naval War College Review, March-April 1983. 40-46.

Summers, Harry G., Jr, "What is War? As Clausewitz was the first to realize, popular will is the ultimate weapon." Harper's, May 1984, 75-78.

Summers, Col. Harry G., Jr. "Clausewitz: Eastern and Western Approaches to War." Air University Review, March-April 1986. 62-71.

Summers, Harry G., Jr. On Strategy II: A Critical Analysis of the Gulf War. New York: Dell, 1992.

Summers, Harry G., Jr. "Flight From The Quagmire." Washington Times, November 19, 1998. [An impassioned defense of the need for brutality in war.]

Swain, Richard M. "Clausewitz for the 20th Century: The Interpretation of Raymond Aron." Military Review, v.LXVI, April 1986, 38-47.

Swain, Richard M. [Colonel, USA]. "Clausewitz, FM100-5, and the Center of Gravity." Military Review, February 1988, 83.

Swain, Colonel [USA] Richard M. "`The Hedgehog and the Fox': Jomini, Clausewitz, and History." Naval War College Review, Autumn 1990, 98-109.

Richard M. Swain. "Clausewitz and America: Strategic Thought and Practice from Vietnam to Iraq." The Journal of Military History, Volume 72, Number 2, April 2008, pp. 628-629. This is a review of Stuart Kinross's book by that title.

Swinton, Major-General Sir Ernest. The Study of War: An Inaugural Lecture Delivered before the University of Oxford. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1926.

Sygkellou, Efstratia. "Reflections on Byzantine 'war ideology' in Late Byzantium, Byzantine war ideology between Roman imperial concept and Christian religion," Akten des Internationalen Symposiums, Wien, 19.-21. Mai 2011 (ed. P. Soustal - I. Stouraitis), Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien 2012, 99-107. The article is in English.

Sygkellou, Efstratia [Ευστρατία Συγκέλλου]. "Ο Clausewitz και ο πόλεμος στο ύστερο Βυζάντιο" [Clausewitz and War in Late Byzantium]. Βyzantiaka 34 (2017), pp.247-263. There is an Abstract in English (on the last page of the posted article); see also English translation listed below.

Sygkellou, Efstratia. "Clausewitz and War in Late Byzantium." ClausewitzStudies.org, 23 JAN 2021. Originally published (in Greek) in Byzantiaka 34 (2017), 247–263.

T

Tashjean, John E. "The Clausewitzian Definition: From Just War to the Duel of States." Revue europeene des sciences sociales et Cahiers Vilfredo Paret, v.XVII, no.47 (1979), 79-83.

Tashjean, John E. "Pious Arms: Clausewitz and the Right of War." Military Affairs, April 1980, 82-83.

Tashjean, John E. "The Trans-Atlantic Clausewitz, 1952-1982." Naval War College Review, 1982, 35(6), 69-86.

Tashjean, John E. "The Cannon in the Swimming Pool: Clausewitzian Studies and Strategic Ethnocentrism." Journal of the Royal United Services Institute, June, 1983, 54-57.

Tashjean, John E. "The Classics of Military Thought: Appreciations and Agenda." Defense Analysis, v.3, no.3 (1987), 245-265.

Tashjean, John E. "The Short-War Antinomy Resolved: or, From Homer to Clausewitz." Defense Analysis, v.8, no.2 (1992), 165-171.

Taylor, Paul D. "Clausewitz on Economic Sanctions: The Case of Iraq." Strategic Review 23 (Summer 1995), pp.49-58.

Thibault, Edward A. (CIA). "War as a Collapse of Policy: A Critical Evaluation of Clausewitz." Naval War College Review, May-June 1973. 42-56.

Thursfield, James R. Naval Warfare. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1913.

Tiomain, Captain [Irish Army] S.O. "Clausewitz: A Reappraisal."Military Review, May 1963, 76-79.

Townsend, Patrick L. "Clausewitz Would Have Wondered at the Way We Fought in Vietnam." Marine Corps Gazette, June 1978, 55-57.

Traster, Major [USAF] Stuart J. "Project Warrior: On War." Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air Command and Staff College, Air University, 1983. Report # 83-2575.

Travers, T.H.E. "Technology, Tactics, and Morale: Jean de Bloch, the Boer War, and British Military Theory, 1900-1914." Journal of Modern History, v.51, #2 (June 1979).

Travers, Tim. The Killing Ground: The British Army, the Western Front and the Emergence of Modern Warfare, 1900-1918. London: Allen and Unwin, 1987.

Treiber, Guilel. "Reversing Clausewitz: A History of a Mistake." In Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor). Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher." Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.65–81. Abstract: This paper traces the result of the reversal of the Clausewitzian dictum that war is the continuation of politics in post-structuralist political theorizing. I argue that much can be gained by not reversing the dictum (hence, making the reversal a mistake) and retaining the conceptual relation between politics and war Clausewitz espouses. I then show what a neo-Clausewitzian position would contribute to the debate on the relation between war or violence and politics by arguing that, in the case of Clausewitz, it is better to be a Kantian than a Nietzschean.

Treisman, Daniel [UCLA]. "Clausewitz in Afghanistan." Unpublished paper, APSA-CP, Winter 2002.

Trythall, A.J. "On Clausewitz." Army Quarterly and Defence Journal, 1971, 101(3), 307-313.

Trythall, A.J. "The Origins of Strategic Thought." Journal of the Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies, 1973, 118(3), 51-56.

Tsebelis, George. "The Abuse of Probability in Political Analysis: The Robinson Crusoe Fallacy." American Political Science Review, March 1989, v.83, no.1.

Türpe, Andrée. "The Thoughts of Clausewitz on Society and State in Times of European Upheaval." In Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor). Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher." Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.26–44. Abstract: My article focuses on Clausewitz’s actual statements regarding the political changes of his time. It highlights his understanding of the notions of ‘revolution,’ ‘reform,’ ‘monarchy,’ ‘republic’ and ‘nation state.’ Using a concrete historical analysis, I aim to show that the Prussian philosopher of war is best characterized as a supporter of reforms, monarchy and as a representative of national patriotism. In a nutshell, Clausewitz was a supporter of reform in order to prevent revolution or suppress revolutionary inclinations.

U

Unknown author/editor. Germany's war mania; the Teutonic point of view as officially stated by her leaders. A collection of speeches and writings by the German emperor, the German crown prince, Dr. von Bethmann-Hollweg, Prince von Bülow, General von Bernhardi, General von der Goltz, General von Clausewitz, Professor von Treitschke, Professor Delbrück. London: A.W. Shaw, 1914. [22 references to Clausewitz.]

Unsigned. "De La Barre Duparcq's Commentaries on Clausewitz" [review of Nicolas Édouard Delabarre Duparcq, Commentaires sur le traite de la guerre de Clausewitz (Paris, 1853)] United Service Magazine, part 1, 1854, 26-36.

Unsigned. Review of a translation of M. Brialmont's History of the Life of Arthur Duke of Wellington, appearing in Edinburgh Review, v.CX, no.CCXXIII (July 1859), p208.

Unsigned. [Review of Colonel Camon, Clausewitz (Paris: Chapelot, 1911)]. The Army Review, April 1912, 644.

Unsigned [presumably Arthur L. Conger or Robert M. Johnston]. Review of P. Roques, Le General de Clausewitz (Paris, 1912). The Military Historian and Economist, October, 1917, 452-454.

Unsigned. Review of Captain Kubler, Clausewitz und der Gebirgskrieg. Review of Military Literature, v.XVI, no.60 (March, 1936), 105-106.

V

Vagts, Alfred. A History of Militarism: Civilian and Military, revised ed. New York: The Free Press, 1959; originally New York: Norton, 1937.

van Creveld, Martin. "The Eternal Clausewitz." Handel, Michael, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 35-50. 

van Creveld, Martin. The Transformation of War. New York: The Free Press, 1991. Reviewed by Michael C.C. Adams, "Away with Clausewitz," Reviews in American History 21 (1993), pp.156-160.  Creveld, as the book's advertisements state, "argues that the theories of Karl von Clausewitz, which form the basis for Western strategic thought, are largely irrelevant to nonpolitical wars such as the Islamic jihad and wars for existence such as Israel's Six-Day War. In the future, he prophesies, wars will be waged by groups of terrorists, guerrillas and bandits motivated by fanatical, ideologically-based loyalties; conventional battles will be replaced by skirmishes, bombings and massacres." These views, and Creveld's ambitions to replace Clausewitzian theory with his own "non-Trinitarian" construct, have been influential among non-specialists and have elicited much criticism from Clausewitz scholars. Key issues include the actual content, purpose, and implications of Clausewitz's Trinity; the meaning of Politik in On War; the nature, role, and destiny of the State, and the degree to which Clausewitz's conceptions are State- and time-bound. Much of the debate really turns on the extent to which the kind of warfare Creveld describes is either an innovation or as dominant as he maintains.

van Creveld, Martin. "The Clausewitzian Universe and the Law of War." Journal of Contemporary History, v.26 (1991), 403-429.

van Creveld, Martin. "What is Wrong with Clausewitz?," in Gert de Nooy, ed., The Clausewitzian Dictum and the Future of Western Military Strategy. The Hague and Boston: Kluwer Law International, 1997, 7-23.

van Creveld, Martin. "The Eternal Clausewitz." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 35–50.

van de Walle, Nicolas. "Africa—Clausewitz and African War: Politics and Strategy in Liberia and Somalia." Foreign Affairs Vol. 85, Issue 1 (January/February 2006). This is a review of Understanding Civil War: Evidence and Analysis, Vol. 1, Africa, eds. Paul Collier and Nicholas Sambanis, and Clausewitz and African War: Politics and Strategy in Liberia and Somalia, by Isabelle Duyvesteyn.

Van Evera, Stephen. "The Cult of the Offensive and the Origins of the First World War." Steven E. Miller. Military Strategy and the Origins of the First World War. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Van Riper, Paul, "The Foundation of Strategic Thinking," Infinity Journal, Volume 2, Issue No. 3, Summer 2012, pp.4-10. [Infinity Journal is a free publication but registration is required.]

Vaughn, Colonel [USA] Thomas B. "Clausewitz and Contemporary American Professionalism." Military Review, v.LXII, no.12 (December 1982), 39-44.

Vega, José Fernández. "War as 'Art': Aesthetics and Politics in Clausewitz's Social Thinking." In Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century [Proceedings of a March, 2005 conference at Oxford] (Oxford University Press, 2007). ISBN 0199232024

Vego, Milan. "Clausewitz's Schwerpunkt: Mistranslated from German, Misunderstood in English," Military Review 87, 1 (JAN-FEB 2007), pp.101-109. This piece is more about German military practice than about Clausewitz's use of the term.

Vego, Milan. "On Military Theory." Joint Forces Quarterly, issue 62, 3rd quarter 2011, pp.59-67.

Villacres, Edward J. and Christopher Bassford. "Reclaiming the Clausewitzian Trinity." Parameters, Autumn 1995. (PDF) (HTML)

Visuri, Colonel a. D. Dr. Pekka. "Clausewitzian War Theory and the Defence Doctrines of Small States: Case Finland," pp.86-107 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Vreÿ, Dr. Francois and Commander Dr. Thean Potgieter. "The 'People in Arms' and the Liberation Struggle in South Africa: Can They be Linked?," pp. 287-311 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

W

Waldman, Thomas. "War, Clausewitz, and the Trinity," Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Warwick, June 2009.

Waldman, Thomas. "Politics and War: Clausewitz’s Paradoxical Equation." Parameters, Vol. 40, No. 3 (Autumn 2010).

Waldman, Thomas. "‘Shadows of Uncertainty’: Clausewitz's Timeless Analysis of Chance in War." Defence Studies, Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2010, pages 336-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702436.2010.503678

Waldman, Thomas. "Clausewitz and the Study of War," Defence Studies, Volume 12, Issue 3, 2012.

Waldman, Thomas. War, Clausewitz and the Trinity. Farnham: Ashgate, 2013. ISBN 9781409451396. Foreword by Colin S. Gray.

Waldman, Thomas. Review, "Clausewitz as Creative Director," e-International Relations, 2013. This is a response to John Arquilla, "Real Genius: Does the Pentagon need a creative director," Foreign Policy, 25 FEB 2013.

Waldman, Thomas, with Caroline Kennedy. "Ways of War in the Twenty-First Century." In Mark Beeson and Nick Bisley, Issues in 21st Century World Politics (Palgrave Macmillan), 2013.

Walker, Lieutenant Colonel [USA] Robert M. "Old Prophets and New Wars." Marine Corps Gazette, March 1959, 52-55.

* Wallace, Rodrick. Carl von Clausewitz, the Fog-of-War, and the AI Revolution: The Real World Is Not A Game of Go. Springer, 2018. Springer, 2018. ISBN: 3319746324

* Wallace, Rodrick. Cognitive Dynamics on Clausewitz Landscapes: The Control and Directed Evolution of Organized Conflict. Springer, 2020. ISBN: 3030264262

* Wallace, Rodrick. "On Maskirovka: the dynamics of delay in threat recognition." Journal of Defense Modeling & Simulation, April 2023. doi.org/10.1177/15485129211061688. Abstract: "Across military Zweikampf and public health, error, blindness, and incompetence carry singular burden. Here, we adapt methods developed for the analysis of pandemic mismanagement to the study of armed conflict. Stability of control during such conflict depends on prompt recognition of, and response to, rapidly changing events. In addition to ‘conventional’ Clausewitzian fog and friction, there are almost always inherent or induced delays to threat recognition. For a system to be stable without such delay, there will be a critical lag at which control fails, as it similarly does if institutional cognition sufficiently degrades. In such cases, tactical thrashing becomes manifest. In a military context, there is no way around such dynamics, which are routinely—often brilliantly—exploited.

* Wallace, Rodrick. "Military scientism and its discontents." The Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation." 2022;19(4):613-623. doi:10.1177/15485129211014281. Abstract: "The asymptotic limit theorems of control and information theories allow the examination of systemic failures afflicting “scientific” approaches to armed conflict such as reflexive control, the OODA loop, and East Asian alternatives. Large-scale combat, like other major human enterprise, is a form of dialog between cognitive institutional entities only loosely following shifting “laws” that most often express a path-dependent historical trajectory constrained by powerful cultural riverbanks. Such “conversations,” while having their own grammar and syntax, can involve matters of science, engineering, and technology, but they are not, of themselves, scientific in the Western sense. They may, however, be studied using the methodologies of historiography, social science, human ecology, and the like. Moving much beyond this is to invoke an alternate reality."

Wallach, Jehuda L. "Misperceptions of Clausewitz’s On War by the German Military." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 9, Issue 2 & 3, 1986, Pages 213–239; Michael Handel, ed. Clausewitz and Modern Strategy. London: Frank Cass, 1986. 213-239. 

Wallach, Jehuda L. The Dogma of the Battle of Annihilation: The Theories of Clausewitz and Schlieffen and Their Impact on the German Conduct of Two World Wars. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1986. ISBN 0313244383.

Wasinski, Lecturer Dr. Christophe and Prof. Dr. Bruno Colson. "Tailoring Ends to Means: Clausewitz in Belgium," pp. 32-42 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Wass de Czege, Colonel [USA] Huba. "Clausewitz: Historical Studies Remain Sound Compass References; The Catch is Staying on Course." Army, September 1988, 37-43.

Waters, Dr. T. R. W. "The Military Thought of Aleksandr Andreyevich Svechin (1878–1938) and Its Importance Today." Defense Analysis, 8:1 (1992), 95-99, DOI: 10.1080/07430179208405529. This article oddly makes no mention of Clausewitz, though it discusses Delbrück.

Watson, C.E. "The German Campaigns of Gustavus Adolphus." United Service Magazine, 1852, pt.3, 557-70.

Watts, LTC (USAF) Barry D. The Foundations of US Air Doctrine: The Problem of Friction in War. Maxwell Air Force Base, AL: Air University Press, 1984.

Watts, Barry D. "Friction in the Gulf War." Naval War College Review, Autumn 1995, pp. 93-109.

Watts, Barry D. Clausewitzian Friction and Future War. Washington, DC: Institute for National Strategic Studies, 1996. (Revised edition, 2004.)

Weigley, Russell F. Towards an American Army: Military Thought from Washington to Marshall. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962.

Weigley, Russell F. History of the United States Army, enlarged edition. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1967.

Weigley, Russell F. The American Way of War: A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy. New York: Macmillan, 1973.

Weigley, Russell F. "Military Strategy and Civilian Leadership." Klaus Knorr, ed. Historical Dimensions of National Security Problems. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1976, 38-77.

Weigley, Russell F. "American Strategy from Its Beginnings through the First World War." Peter Paret, ed. Makers of Modern Strategy: From Machiavelli to the Nuclear Age. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Weigley, Russell F. The Age of Battles: The Quest for Decisive Warfare from Breitenfeld to Waterloo. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1991.

Wellesley, Arthur. "Memorandum on the Battle of Waterloo." Supplementary Despatches, Correspondence, and Memoranda of Field Marshal Arthur Duke of Wellington, vol. 10. London: John Murray, 1863. 513-531; also in Section VI of Carl von Clausewitz and Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815, ed./trans. Christopher Bassford, Daniel Moran, and Gregory W. Pedlow (Clausewitz.com, 2010), pp.257-287.

Wellington, First Duke of. See Wellesley, Arthur (above).

Whaley, Barton. "Deception—Its Decline and Revival in International Conflict." Harold D. Lasswell, et al, eds. Propaganda and Communication in World History: volume II, Emergence of Public Opinion in the West. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1980.

Wheeler-Bennett, John. Brest-Litovsk: the Forgotten Peace, March, 1918. New York: W.W. Norton, 1971 [1938].

Wheeler-Bennett, John. The Nemesis of Power: The German Army in Politics, 1918-1945. London: Macmillan, 1964.

White, Charles Edward [Grad. USMA, currently Command Historian, U.S. Army Infantry School, Fort Benning]. The Enlightened Soldier: Scharnhorst and the Military Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1801-1805. New York: Praeger, 1989.

Widen, J. J. "Sir Julian Corbett and the Theoretical Study of War." Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 30, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 109–127. 

Wikipedia. Entries on Carl von Clausewitz and On War.

Wilkinson, Spenser. The Brain of an Army: A Popular Account of the German General Staff. Westminster: A. Constable, 1890. Reviewed: Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, v.XXXIV, 1890, 564.

Wilkinson, Spenser. The Command of the Sea. Westminster: A. Constable, 1894.

Wilkinson, Spenser. The Brain of the Navy. Westminster: A. Constable, 1895.

Wilkinson, Spenser. "Puzzles of the War." Monthly Review, October 1900, 87-97.

Wilkinson, Spenser "Strategy in the Navy." Morning Post, 3 August 1909.

Wilkinson, Spenser. The University and the Study of War: An Inaugural Lecture Delivered before the University of Oxford, November 27, 1909. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1909.

Wilkinson, Spenser. Britain at Bay. London: Constable, 1909.

Wilkinson, Spenser. War and Policy: Essays. Westminster: A. Constable, 1910.

Wilkinson, Spenser. "Strategy at Sea." [A review of Corbett's Some Principles of Maritime Strategy.] Morning Post, 19 February 1912.

Wilkinson, Spenser. The Early Life of Moltke. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913.

Wilkinson, Spenser. The French Army before Napoleon. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1915.

Wilkinson, Spenser. Government and the War. London: Constable and Company, 1918.

Wilkinson, Spenser. British Aspects of War and Peace. London: Duckworth, 1920.

Wilkinson, Spencer. "Killing No Murder: An Examination of Some New Theories of War." Army Quarterly 14 (October 1927).

Wilkinson, Spenser. Thirty-five Years, 1874-1909. London: Constable, 1933.

Wilkinson, Spenser. Obituary. "Spenser Wilkinson: The History and Policy of War." The Times, 1 February 1937, 16.

Williams, Kenneth P. Lincoln Finds a General: A Military Study of the Civil War. 5 vols. New York: Macmillan, 1949-59.

Williams, Phil. "Clausewitz: His Writings and Relevance." Royal Air Forces Quarterly, Summer 1974, 111-118.

Williams, T. Harry. Lincoln and his Generals. New York: Knopf, 1952.

Williams, T. Harry. "The Return of Jomini: Some Thoughts on Recent Civil War Writing." Military Affairs, December 1975, 204-206.

Willmott, H.P. and Barrett, Michael B. Clausewitz Reconsidered. Praeger Security International, 2010. ISBN: 978–0–313–36286–6. Reviewed by Douglas Peifer, JFQ, Oct 2011: "Clausewitz Reconsidered is neither a theoretical critique of On War and its concepts, nor a tightly organized history of modern warfare since Napoleon. It is instead a highly idiosyncratic series of essays on modern warfare by two well-established military historians. It is thought-provoking but contentious, alternately insightful and wide of the mark."

Wills, Garry. "Critical Inquiry (Kritik) in Clausewitz." Critical Inquiry, December 1982, 281-302.

Wills, Gary. "Chapter 5: Military Leader: Napoleon." Garry Wills. Certain Trumpets: The Call of Leaders. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994.

Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor). Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher." Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.1–109. ISSN 2559-9798. DOI: 10.22618/TP.PJCV.20226.1 (open access). Contents (with abstracts and links):

 Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Foreword."

 Herberg-Rothe, Andreas. "Philosophy and Methodology in Clausewitz’s Work." Abstract: In Clausewitz’s own view his work is akin to a philosophical structure of the art of war. This philosophical structure is most visible in his elaborations concerning the relation between theory and praxis—elaborations which make his work a treatise of practical philosophy. According to him, theory has to: (1) reveal the nature or essence of war; (2) reflect the difference between theory and practice; (3) provide recommendations for military action in war; (4) educate and cultivate the mind of the political and military leaders as well as that of the army; (5) follow the footsteps of Kantian critique. Last but not least, this article also offers an account of Clausewitz’s novel position regarding the dialectical thinking of its time.

 Holmes, Terence M. "Clausewitz’s “Strange Trinity” and the Dysfunctionality of War.Abstract: By contrast with the Holy Trinity, Clausewitz’s “strange trinity” is an unstable system, whose three “dominant tendencies” compete for mastery over the realm of war. One tendency is the subordination of war to the aims of policy, but that is constantly challenged by the other two—blind hatred and the enjoyment of adventure. The political tendency is the only one that treats war as the function of a purpose beyond war, but only intermittently does that tendency predominate, meaning that war is more often than not a dysfunctional undertaking and always a highly dubious instrument of policy.

 Türpe, Andrée. "The Thoughts of Clausewitz on Society and State in Times of European Upheaval." Abstract: My article focuses on Clausewitz’s actual statements regarding the political changes of his time. It highlights his understanding of the notions of ‘revolution,’ ‘reform,’ ‘monarchy,’ ‘republic’ and ‘nation state.’ Using a concrete historical analysis, I aim to show that the Prussian philosopher of war is best characterized as a supporter of reforms, monarchy and as a representative of national patriotism. In a nutshell, Clausewitz was a supporter of reform in order to prevent revolution or suppress revolutionary inclinations.

 Emeklier, Bilgehan, and Nihal Emeklier. "Emotions in War: The Emotionality-Rationality Equation in Clausewitz’s Theory of War." Abstract: Clausewitz introduced an inclusive equation between emotionality and rationality with regards to the debates on the causality and practice of war in modern strategic thought. In Clausewitz’s theory of war, war is a process of governmentality composed by three types of actors: states directing war (leaders and decision-makers), armies executing war (combatants), and people supporting war financially and morally (societies). In this trinitarian scheme, war is a continuous, mutually constitutive interactional process with emotional and rational components both between conflicting parties, and within each side. The aim of this article is to discuss how Clausewitz integrated the emotion-reason equation in his theory of war, to explain through an actor-level analysis how emotions affect, change, and transform war, and lastly to discuss the mutual constitutive relationship between wars and emotions in the contemporary global durable disorder.

 Treiber, Guilel. "Reversing Clausewitz: A History of a Mistake." Abstract: This paper traces the result of the reversal of the Clausewitzian dictum that war is the continuation of politics in post-structuralist political theorizing. I argue that much can be gained by not reversing the dictum (hence, making the reversal a mistake) and retaining the conceptual relation between politics and war Clausewitz espouses. I then show what a neo-Clausewitzian position would contribute to the debate on the relation between war or violence and politics by arguing that, in the case of Clausewitz, it is better to be a Kantian than a Nietzschean.

 Witkowski, Maciej. "Clausewitz, Schmitt and the Relationship Between War and Politics in the Interwar Period and Today." Abstract: Carl von Clausewitz distinguished two fundamental aspects of war — political and existential. These aspects are present in the philosophy of Carl Schmitt too. He used Clausewitz to build a theory of Man and his political nature that also aimed at understanding the German defeat in World War I. In this article, I interpret Schmitt's philosophy as an instance of a modern re-appropriation of Clausewitz's legacy. I aim to show that even though Schmitt’s philosophy might be outdated, his way of reading Clausewitz may be inspiring today. There is a need for a ‘new Schmitt’ who would be able to create a system that would integrate Clausewitz’s intuitions into a modern paradigm.

 Garard, Olivia A. "Accounting for Alliances in Clausewitz’s Theory of War."  Abstract: Allies and alliances are deeply embedded in Clausewitz’s theory of war. Allies are a live and reactive means that may shift throughout a war. Alliances, often responsive to the balance of power, harness allies as a dynamic means. Both problematize Clausewitz’s initial, dual conception of war; they embody uncertainty and inject Politik. To account for allies and alliances entails reevaluating three fundamental Clausewitzian premises: that the defense is the stronger form of war; that the status quo has inertia; and that war has duration. Ultimately, any comprehensive view of Clausewitz’s theory of war demands the inclusion of allies and alliances.

Wilson, Keith M. "Spenser Wilkinson at Bay: Calling the Tune at the Morning Post." Publishing History, v.19 (1986), 33-52.

Windsor, Philip. "The Clock, the Context and Clausewitz." Millenium: Journal of International Studies 6, No. 2, (1977): 190-96.

Wineman, Bradford A., and Spencer C. Tucker. "Clausewitz, Carl Philipp Gottfried von." Encyclopedia of Insurgency and Counterinsurgency: A New Era of Modern Warfare. Ed. Spencer C. Tucker. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2013, pp.108-110. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Witkowski, Maciej. "Clausewitz, Schmitt and the Relationship Between War and Politics in the Interwar Period and Today." In Wilmes, Andreas (editor-in-chief), and Andreas Herberg-Rothe (issue editor). Special Issue: "Clausewitz as a Practical Philosopher." Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence (PJCV), Vol. VI (Issue 1/2022), pp.82–91. Abstract: Carl von Clausewitz distinguished two fundamental aspects of war — political and existential. These aspects are present in the philosophy of Carl Schmitt too. He used Clausewitz to build a theory of Man and his political nature that also aimed at understanding the German defeat in World War I. In this article, I interpret Schmitt's philosophy as an instance of a modern re-appropriation of Clausewitz's legacy. I aim to show that even though Schmitt’s philosophy might be outdated, his way of reading Clausewitz may be inspiring today. There is a need for a ‘new Schmitt’ who would be able to create a system that would integrate Clausewitz’s intuitions into a modern paradigm.

Wolke, Dr. Lars Erikson. "Clausewitz in Sweden," pp.321-328 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Wood, Jason. “Clausewitz in the Caliphate: Center of Gravity in the Post-9/11 Security Environment.” Comparative Strategy (January 2008): 44-56.

Woodhouse, W.J. King Agis of Sparta and His Campaign in Arkadia in 418 B.C. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1933; New York: AMS Press, 1978.

Woudhuysen, James. "Clausewitz after 9/11," The Spiked Review of Books, Issue No.6, October 2007. Essentially a very intelligent review of Hew Strachan and Andreas Herberg-Rothe, eds. Clausewitz in the Twenty-First Century (Oxford University Press, 2007).

Wright, Quincy. A Study of War (2nd Edition, with a commentary on war since 1942). Chicago: University of Chicago, 1965.

Wylie, Joseph Caldwell [Rear Admiral, USN]. Military Strategy: A General Theory of Power Control. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers, 1967.

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Young, Richard J. "Clausewitz and his influence on US and Canadian military doctrine," in Allan D. English, ed. The Changing Face of War. Montreal and Kingston: McGill and Queen"s University Press, 1998, 9-21.

Yu, Prof. Tiejun. "The Western Master and Bible of War: Clausewitz and His On War in China," pp.43-60 in Clausewitz Society [Clausewitz Gesellschaft, Hamburg], Reiner Pommerin, ed. Clausewitz Goes Global: Carl von Clausewitz in the 21st Century. (Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the Clausewitz Society.) Berlin: Carola Hartmann Miles Verlag, 2011.

Yuen, Derek M. C. Deciphering Sun Tzu: How to Read The Art of War (Oxford University Press, 2014). ISBN-10: 0199373515 - ISBN-13: 978-0199373512. Many intelligent (if often elusive) discussions of Clausewitz in comparison to the Chinese tradition.

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Zais [Colonel, USA], Mitchell M. "West Point: Swordmaking or Swordsmanship?" Armed Forces Journal International, March 1990, 57-62.

Zellen, Barry. "Order in an Age of Absolute War: Brodie, Clausewitz and the Case for Complexity." Security Innovator, 1 FEB 2009.

Zellen, Barry Scott. State of Doom: Bernard Brodie, the Bomb, and the Birth of the Bipolar World. New York: Continuum, 2011. ISBN: 1441124624

Contents

Preface by Peter R. Lavoy: Rethinking the Unthinkable—Bernard Brodie's Continuing Relevance

Chapter 1: Introduction: Before the Bomb: Brodie's Early Thoughts on War and History

Chapter 2: After the A-Bomb: Restoring Order in the Age of Absolute War

Chapter 3: After the H-Bomb: Preserving Order in the Age of Apocalyptic War

Chapter 4: New Thinking on Escalation and Limited War

Chapter 5: Clausewitz for America: Reuniting War and Politics in the Nuclear Age

Bibliography

Zimmer, Winfried (LtCol, German Army). "Clausewitz and the Human Dimension of War." Military Review 74 (Mar 1994), pp.51-56.

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